Geolocation bracelet, system, and methods

ABSTRACT

An identity, position, and/or health monitoring apparatus is provided. The identity, position, and/or health monitoring apparatus includes a retention feature, such as a wristband, configured to removably secure the monitoring apparatus to a person, such as a child. Particularly, the band of the monitoring apparatus may be a flexible and/or stretchable band that may be worn around a part of the body, such as a wrist or ankle. The band may be defined by a circumferential member and/or may include first and second ends and a clasping mechanism configured to clasp and secure the first and second ends together, such as around the wrist or ankle of the user. In certain instances, the monitoring apparatus is retained within the band, and in other instances, the monitoring apparatus may be removable from the band, and the clasping mechanism may be configured for allowing the monitoring device to be removably attached therewith.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/451,368, filed 6 Mar. 2017, which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/950,352, filed 24 Nov. 2015 now (U.S. Pat. No.9,654,917 issued 16 May 2017), which claims the benefit of and priorityto U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 62/084,433, filed 25Mar. 2014. Each of the foregoing applications is commonly owned with theinstant application, and each is hereby incorporated by reference in itsentirety for any and all purposes.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

An identity, geolocation (e.g., position), and/or health statusmonitoring apparatus that has a thin profile, is low cost, and iscurved.

BACKGROUND TO THE DISCLOSURE

The monitoring of children is an important aspect of keeping them safe.Parents of newborns often monitor their infants while sleeping by meansof an electronic monitoring system. This system typically includes apair of radio units often including one or more of a transmitter and/ora receiver. The first radio unit includes a transmitter that is placedin the room of the sleeping newborn so as to listen to the infant'ssleeping and breathing. If, in any given instance, the child startscrying or evidences a problem in breathing, the transmitter can pick upthe sounds of the child and transmit them to its companion unitcontaining a receiver, whereby upon receipt of the radio transmission ofthe sounds, the parent or other monitoring person, can be alerted tocome and check on the child.

In other instances, the parents of a child may monitor that child and/orthe child's caretaker by placing a video monitoring device in the roomof the child, which monitoring device may be configured to keep a videorecord of the child within the room and/or transmit the same, such asover an internal WI-FI network, such as to an auxiliary receiving unit,so as to allow the parent to monitor the child within the room. Infurther instances, the parent may keep track of the child by trackingthe child's possession of a mobile telephonic device. For instance, invarious instances, a mobile device, such as in the possession of achild, may be triangulated by the respective cell towers it comes intorange with, and the position of the cell phone can be transmitted, suchas over the cellular network, to a third party monitor, such as aparent.

However, although there are many benefits in using various of thedevices set forth above, such as for the monitoring, tracking, and/orprotecting of children, each of these devices may have some drawbacks.For instance, while baby monitors are useful for monitoring an infantwhile it is sleeping, and video cameras may be useful for monitoring theroom of a child, they are limited in usefulness in that they are limitedto monitoring sounds and images and not tracking movement of the child,such as while outside of the home. The mobile monitoring system providedby various tracking software installed on a person's mobile telephone,as discussed above, is useful in tracking the movement of the respectivephone. However, although useful, such a monitoring and tracking systemalso suffers from some drawbacks in that such monitoring systems rely onthe mobile device being tracked and are, therefore, dependent on thebattery life of the phones. Since, phones are used for several differentpurposes, besides tracking and monitoring the whereabouts of the phone,this battery life does not last long, making the use of the phone as atracking device less than ideal.

What is needed therefore is a device, system, and method of using thesame that is configured for identifying, locating, and/or monitoring oneor more conditions of a user. It would additionally be beneficial ifsuch a device were also inexpensive, easy to manufacture, mobile, andhad a long lasting battery life. The devices, systems, and methods oftheir use as described herein meet these and other such needs.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

In one aspect, provided herein is a thin profile geolocation device forlocating an object within a geographical region that is easy to use andsimple to manufacture. In various instances, the device may beconfigured to function as an identity, position, and/or health statusmonitoring apparatus. The geolocation, identity, position, and/or healthmonitoring devices and systems provided herein may be configured as asmall chip that is attachable or otherwise capable of being mounted to asubstrate, for easy transport, and/or may be configured to be coupledwith or otherwise made part of a secondary article, such as a bracelet,so as to be capable of being worn. In various instances, the chip has athin profile, is lightweight, uses low energy, and may be curved, suchas for ease of use, such as within the bounds of a curved piece ofjewelry, such as a bracelet, for instance, a sports band. For example,in one particular implementation, the geolocation device may be a chipthat is capable of being coupled to or otherwise carried within a band,such as a sports band, and may be used to track the whereabouts of thewearer, which may be especially useful where the wearer is a child, suchas a child prone to wandering off or in an environment that renders thechild susceptible to abduction.

Accordingly, in one aspect, a substrate having electronic circuitryprinted thereon is provided. For instance, in various implementationsthe substrate may be a circuit board and the electronic circuitry may beconfigured to function as a central processing unit (CPU). For example,in particular embodiments, the printed substrate may include a microchiphaving a CPU thereon, such as a CPU that is capable of performingvarious processing functions. In various embodiments, the printedcircuit board (PCB) may be made of a rigid, semi-rigid, semi-flexible,flexible material or a combination of the same. Particularly, in certaininstances, the substrate may have an elongated body that is defined by aproximal portion, which includes a proximal end, a distal portion, whichincludes a distal end, and a medial portion separating the proximalportion from the distal portion. In such an instance, the proximal,medial, and distal portions may be circumscribed by a circumferentialportion. In other instances, the elongated body may simply be defined bythe circumferential portion that bounds the first surface and the secondsurface of the elongated body. In such an instance, the elongated bodymay not need or include a first and/or second end portions, e.g.,proximal and/or distal ends. In some instances, the first and secondsurfaces may be opposed to one another and form a waterproof encasingcavity therewith, the elongated body being sized and configured to beworn around a limb of a human, such as the wrist or ankle of a child.Accordingly, in certain instances, the PCB may be a combination of rigidand flexible materials so as to allow the components to be securelymounted on the rigid sections, while allowing the flexible sections toflex so that the overall board may be able to bend, and/or otherwisetwist, stretch, or to curve such as to bend and/or conform to the wristsof a wearer of the band, such as a small child.

Particularly, the substrate may be composed of one or more layers, suchas conductive layers, e.g., of metal portions such as copper, that havebeen layered on top of an insulating layer, such as an insulating layermade of a glass epoxy. In addition to including electronic circuitry,the printed substrate, e.g., a microchip having a microprocessorthereon, may additionally include or otherwise be operationally coupledwith one or more other modules, such as a memory, a communicationsmodule, an input/output module, and an energy source, such as a lowenergy power source and/or battery. In certain embodiments, themicrochip may include an onboard memory and/or communications module,and may be operably coupled to one or more sensors and/or one or moredisplays.

For instance, in various instances, a substrate is provided wherein thesubstrate may be a circuit board or otherwise include one or more of amicroprocessor, a memory, a communications module, and an energy source,such as a low energy power source, e.g., a battery, powering the same.In certain instances, the substrate may include an input/output module,a sensing mechanism, and/or may be coupled to a display. In particularembodiments, the microchip may be any suitable processing unit, such asan Intel® or Arm® core processing unit. The memory may be any suitablememory such as NAND flash or FRAM. The communications module may includeone or both of a suitable transmitter and/or a suitable receiver. Forexample, a typical transmitter may be a radio frequency (RF)transmitter, a cellular transmitter, WIFI, and/or a Bluetooth®, such asa low energy Bluetooth® transmitter unit. In some instances, a typicalreceiver may include a satellite based geolocation system or othermechanism for determining the position of an object inthree-dimesnsional space. For instance, the geolocation system mayinclude one or more technologies such as a Global Navigation SatelliteSystem (GNSS). Exemplary GNSS systems that enable accurate geolocationcan include GPS in the United States, Globalnaya navigatsionnayasputnikovaya sistema (GLONASS) in Russia, Galileo in the European Union,and/or BeiDou System (BDS) in China.

The energy source may be any suitable source of energy such as abattery, such as Lithium Cadmium or Zink Manganese battery or wirelesscharging, solar, thermal, or motion re-chargeable battery. For instance,in various instances, the device, e.g., bracelet, may include a battery,which battery may be configured for being wirelessly charged.Particularly, the bracelet may be configured for being charged viainduction and/or in accordance with a wireless charging standard, suchas A4WP, Qi, and the like. For example, the bracelet may include awireless power receiver that is adapted for receiving a charge over adistance from a power transmitter. In such an instance, the transmitterand receiver may include magnetic coils and/or antennas that are tunedtogether so as to transmit and receive an electrical and/or magneticfield that induces a current that may be used to charge an associatedbattery.

More particularly, the bracelet may be configured for being coupled to apower transmitter that is adapted for receiving a voltage and convertingthe received voltage into a high frequency alternating current that maybe transmitted via a suitably configured transmitter circuit that iscoupled to the transmitter coil. Such alternating current flowingthrough the transmitter coil generate a magnetic field that is receivedby the receiver coil of the bracelet, thereby generating a correspondingcurrent within the receiver coil that may then be converted into directcurrent via a suitable transformer and stored as energy within thebattery, thereby recharging the battery of the device. In variousinstances, the coils may be configured to resonate and/or oscillate inresponse to one another, e.g., at the same or similar frequency, such asthrough magnetic resonance whereby wireless charging over longerdistances may be achieved.

In particular instances the circuit board containing the microprocessor,which may be configured so as to be worn by a user, such as a childwhose location is to be monitored and/or tracked, may include and/or mayotherwise be coupled to an input/output module, one or more displays,and/or one or more sensors. Input, such as input from a user, or aperson associated with the user, may be received in any form, including,but not limited to, acoustic, speech, or tactile input. Accordingly, atypical input device may include, but is not limited to, keyboards,touch screens or other touch-sensitive devices such as single ormulti-point resistive or capacitive trackpads, voice recognitionhardware and software, optical scanners, optical pointers, digital imagecapture devices and associated interpretation software, a UniversalSerial Bus (USB) port, Secure Digital Input Output (SD/SDIO) port, flashdrive port, lightning port, and the like. A typical output device may bea display such as a capacitive sensing control panel display. In variousinstances, the display may be the typical display of a mobile computingdevice, such as the display of a mobile phone and/or tablet computer,and the like.

A typical sensor may be any form of data collection mechanism capable ofdetecting a relevant characteristic and configured for transmitting thatdata to the microprocessor for processing and/or transmission and/ordisplay such as to the user or other third party, for instance, aparent, guardian, or medical personnel charged with taking care of thewearer of the circuit board. For instance, in certain instances, thesensor may be a motion and/or orientation sensor, such as a distancemeasuring sensor, such as a pedometer, a speed or velocity sensor,including an accelerometer, for example, a multi-axis accelerometer, agyroscope, strain gauges, and/or a piezoelectric sensor, optical sensor,energy sensor, and the like. In various instances, the sensor may beconfigured so as to be a physiological data collector that may beconfigured to collect physiological data, such as data associated with aperson, e.g., child or adult, and/or his or her state of health and/orperformance in an activity, such as an activity requiring mental orphysical exertion. For example, the sensor may be a physiologic sensorand/or data collector, such as a temperature gauge or body orenvironmental thermometer, so as to measure the temperature of the userand/or his environment; a heart rate monitor or pulse meter, so as tomeasure the heart rate of the user; a blood pressure monitor, to measurethe users blood pressure; a blood glucose monitor, to measure bloodglucose of the user; a myoelectric sensor; a carbon dioxide (CO2)sensor; a breathing rate monitor; a pulse oximeter; oxygen saturationmonitors; hemoglobin sensors; an electrocardiogram; anelectroencephalography monitor; and/or a pressure monitor; and the like.

In various instances, one or more thermal sensors may be included. Forinstance, a thermal sensor may include a thermocouple, an infra-red (IR)thermal sensor, and/or other temperature sensing technology.Additionally, in various embodiments, sensors capable of determining oneor more characteristics regarding the physical environment may beincluded, for example, sensors that detect changes in the immediateenvironment may include temperature sensors, altimeters, wind sensors,humidity sensors, and the like. In various instances, this environmentaldata can be integrated with one or more of the above referencedphysiological data for a determination as to where geographically thesensor is and/or what the condition is of the user of the sensor. Invarious instances, the information captured, compiled, and/or processedby the one or more sensors set forth above may be communicated to theuser, such as in a visual, auditory, or tactile manner, such as via adisplay, a graphic, a light, e.g., an LED light, light sequence, orseries of light, such as from green to yellow to red, a sounded alarm orbell, or a vibration, and the like.

These signals may also be arranged to increase or decrease in intensityand/or frequency dependent on the results of the collected and/orcompiled data. For example, the amplitude, timing, and duration of anauditory, visual, and/or tactile signal can be varied to indicate to auser or a monitor of the user the nature of the changed input.Particularly, a monitoring and/or tracking device of the disclosure canindicate, e.g., vibrate, in response to a data signal from a sensor,relay, beacon, or other device of the system when a user enters orleaves a certain range of a target distance, target location, targettime, physiologic characteristic (e.g., heart rate for a specified timeperiod, breath rate, or number of footfalls, etc.), and the like, orcombination thereof. Hence, the tracking device, as well as the locationand/or status monitoring device can be configured to vibrate to alertthe monitoring entity that the tracking device is going and/or has goneout of range from the target distance, target location, target time,physiologic characteristic (e.g., heart rate for a specified timeperiod, breath rate, or number of footfalls, etc.), and the like, orcombination thereof.

Accordingly, in one aspect, a wearable thin profile waterproofgeolocation device such as for locating an object, e.g., a child, withina geographical region. In such instances, the geolocation device mayinclude a substrate having an elongated body that is defined by acircumferential portion. The circumferential portion may have two ends,e.g., a first proximal end and a second distal end, which are configuredfor being joined together, or the circumferential portion may be of asingle molded piece having a first surface and a second surface thathave been coupled together, e.g., by molding. Hence, in particularinstances, the substrate may include a circumferential portion thatbounds a first surface and a second surface of the elongated body, suchas where the first surface is opposite the second surface and forms acavity therewith, e.g., a waterproof cavity. In some instances, theelongated body may be sized and configured to be worn around a limb of ahuman, such as an arm, ankle, or neck of a child.

The substrate may be configured to house a semi-flexible digital logiccircuit board arrangement, which may be contained within the cavity ofthe elongated body of the substrate. In such an instance, thesemi-flexibile digital logic circuit board arrangement may include aplurality of rigid circuit board portions connected by one or moreflexible portions, such as where the digital logic circuit boardarrangement is positioned between the first and second surfaces of theelongated body of the substrate. In particular instances, one or more ofthe rigid circuit board portions of the digital logic circuit boardarrangement may include one or more of a central processing unit (CPU),a communications module, a memory, and a battery, such as where the CPUis operably connected to one or both the memory and the battery.

In some instances, the digital logic circuit board arrangement mayfurther include a pairing device such as for pairing the geolocationdevice with a remote master device, e.g., via a wireless communicationchannel. In such an instance, the pairing may be defined by a distancebetween the geolocation device and the master device such that if thedistance between the geolocation device and the master device exceeds apredetermined range, an alarm is set off in one or more of thegeolocation device and the master device.

In another aspect, a system for determining and/or displayinginformation about a user, his or her position and/or location, and/or astate of his or her condition of health is provided. In certaininstances, the system may also be configured for transmitting the datato a third party, such as a third party interested in identifying,monitoring, and/or tracking the user and/or the user's activities and/orhealth. For instance, in various embodiments, the system may include oneor more of a geolocation device, such as that described above, anetwork, a data processing unit, one or more external sensors, e.g., abeacon or relay, and/or a receiver, such as a computing device, e.g., amobile computing device and/or other viewing system.

For example, the system may provide a geolocation device, such as thatdescribed above, which geolocation device may include one or more of amicroprocessor, a memory, a communications module, an input/output port,and/or a sensor. In such an instance, the geolocation device may becontained within a housing, such as within the bounds of a bracelet,ring, keychain, or the like, which may be worn, such as by a child,adult, or other animal or object the tracking of which may be desired,such as by a parent wanting to ensure the safety of the child. Inparticular, the geolocation device may function in part to display theidentity of the user and/or a condition of the users health. Asindicated, in various instances, the device may contain a communicationsmodule that not only includes a receiver, such as a GPS receiver, suchas for determining the location of the device, but also includes atransmitter, such as for transmitting such position and other data tothe receiving device.

Consequently, the system may be configured to track and/or monitor theuser and/or the condition of the user. Hence, in such instances thesystem may include a receiver, such as a computing device that issuitably configured for receiving a transmission, for instance, asignal, such as a digital signal, from the transmitter of thegeolocation device. Additionally, the system may include a network, suchas a cellular, WIFI, or other network interface that is configured foreffectuating the transfer of data from the transmitter of thegeolocation device to the receiver of the computing device. In variousinstances the system may include a data processing system, forprocessing the data prior to or after transmission. Further, in someinstances, the system may include a viewing system, such as a displayscreen, for instance, a liquid crystal display (LCD), light emittingdiode (LED) display, plasma display, or the like.

In another aspect, a method for monitoring and/or tracking a person oran object is provided. The method may include one or more of providing ageolocating device, such as that set forth above, attaching thegeolocating device to a person or an object to be monitored and/ortracked, and employing a receiver to monitor and/or track the person orobject, such as over a network joining the two. More particularly, themethod may include providing the geolocating device and employing thesystem described above to monitor and/or track the person or object. Invarious instances, the system may include a relay, such as a beacon,that is configured to receive a signal from the geolocating device so asto thereby determine the location of the device, and furthertransferring that information, such as via the network, to the receiverso as to thereby allow a third party to monitor the position and otherdata collected by the device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1A is a diagram of an exemplary system including an identity,geolocation, and/or health status monitoring apparatus of thedisclosure.

FIG. 1B is view of an exemplary flexible identity, geolocation, and/orhealth status monitoring apparatus, configured to be encased within thebounds of an auxiliary retaining device, such as a bracelet.

FIG. 1C is a view of another exemplary rigid or semi-rigid, identity,geolocation, and/or health status monitoring apparatus of thedisclosure.

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary multi-part identity,geolocation, and/or health status monitoring apparatus of thedisclosure, configured as a bracelet.

FIG. 2B is a side view of an exemplary identity, geolocation, and/orhealth status monitoring apparatus similar to FIG. 2A, but encasedwithin a single material, configured as a multi-part bracelet.

FIG. 2C is a top down view of an exemplary identity, geolocation, and/orhealth status monitoring apparatus, configured of as a bracelet.

FIG. 2D is a side view of another exemplary identity, geolocation,and/or health status monitoring apparatus similar to FIG. 2B, but moldedwithin a single material.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of various sensors that may be employed inconjunction with an exemplary identity, geolocation, and/or healthstatus monitoring apparatus of the disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of an exemplary system employing the exemplaryidentity, geolocation, and/or health status monitoring apparatus of thedisclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE

As summarized above, provided herein is an identity, position, and/orhealth monitoring apparatus that is simple to use and easy tomanufacture. In various embodiments, the identity, position, and/orhealth monitoring apparatus may be contained within a housing, whichhousing may include a retention feature, such as wristband, collar,keychain, or the like, configured to removably secure the monitoringapparatus to a person, animal, or object, such as a child. For instance,in particular embodiments, the monitoring apparatus may include a band,such as a flexible and/or stretchable band that may be worn around apart of the body, such as a neck, wrist, or ankle. The band may be madeof one piece, continuously joined end to end, so as to form a completeunitary unit that deforms in some manner during the attachment processand reforms once attached for ease of wearing. Alternatively, the bandmay include first and second ends that are joinable via a claspingmechanism configured to clasp and secure the first and second endstogether, such as around the neck, wrist, or ankle of the user. Incertain instances, the monitoring apparatus is retained within the band,such as between first and second surfaces of the band; and in otherinstances, the monitoring apparatus may be removable from the band, invarious manners, and the clasping mechanism may be configured forallowing the monitoring device to be removably attached therewith.

The identity, position, and/or health monitoring apparatuses, systems,and their methods of use provided herein below with reference to theappended figures are configurable and capable of one or more ofidentifying information about the user, or a condition of the user, theposition or location of the user, and/or for monitoring a physiologicalcondition of the user and/or his or her environment. Accordingly, insome instances, the identity, position, and/or health monitoringapparatus simply functions as an electronic identifier of the personwearing the apparatus. In other instances, the monitoring apparatusfunctions to simply monitor the position of the wearer of the apparatus,such as in relation to a second or third party monitoring device(s). Forinstance, where the wearer is a child, the monitoring apparatus may beformed so as to be worn around the wrist or ankle of the child, and maybe configured for communicating with a monitoring device, e.g., a mobilecomputing device, such as of the parent or guardian of the child, forexample, to keep track of the child's position in relation to that ofthe parent or guardian. In further instances, the monitoring apparatusmay simply function to identify a record, such as a record of a medicalcondition, such as an allergy to a medication, an alert as to havingdiabetes or glycaemia, or other such disease, and the like; and in someinstances monitoring device may function to monitor and/or collectphysiological data of the wearer.

For example, in some embodiments, the identity, position, and/or healthmonitoring apparatus may include a physiological and/or environmentaldata collector, such as a sensor, which may be configured to collectphysiological data associated with the child, his or her environment,and/or their performance level in an activity, such as an activityrequiring mental or physical exertion. In such an instance, themonitoring apparatus may include electronic circuitry that is configuredto receive physiological and/or environmental data associated with thechild and/or the child's environment, and in some instances, may furtherbe configured for processing that physiological and/or environmentaldata, and/or wirelessly transmitting the physiological and/orenvironmental data to a secondary or tertiary monitoring device, such asa mobile electronic device of a second party, such as a parent of thechild, or a third party, such as a health care monitor, for displaythereby, such as on the mobile electronic device of the parent ordesktop computer of the healthcare professional. In various embodiments,the monitoring apparatus may be configured for performing a combinationor even all of: functioning as an electronic identifier, a positiondetector, and/or a physiological condition monitor.

Accordingly, as can be seen with respect to FIG. 1A, in one aspect, anidentity, position, and/or health monitoring apparatus 1 is provided.With reference to FIG. 1A, the apparatus includes a substrate 7 uponwhich electronic circuitry 8 has been printed, so as to form a printedcircuit board 10. In particular embodiments, the electronic circuitry 8is configured so as to form a central processing unit 12. The circuitboard may include additional components such as a memory 14 and acommunications module 16 that are operably coupled to the centralprocessing unit 12, all of which may be powered by an onboard powersource 18, such as a battery. In some instances, the circuit board 10may include an input/output (I/O) 19 device operably coupled therewith.Together the circuit board 10 containing the central processing unit 12,the communications module 16, battery 18 and/or the memory 14 and/or I/O19 may be configured as a chip 20 that is attachable or otherwisecapable of being mounted to a housing 40, for easy transport, and/or maybe configured to be coupled with or otherwise made part of a secondaryarticle 50, such as a bracelet, so as to be capable of being worn by auser 100.

For instance, in one particular implementation, the geolocation device 1may be a chip 20 that is capable of being coupled to or otherwisecarried by or within a band, such as a sports band capable of beingworn, and may be used to track the whereabouts of the wearer, which maybe especially useful where the wearer is a child, such as a child proneto wandering off or in an environment that renders the child susceptibleto abduction. Accordingly, in one aspect, the chip 20 may simply includea substrate 7 having electronic circuitry 8 printed thereon, whichelectronic circuitry functions to collect and process information aboutthe child, the child's location, his or her condition, and/or theenvironment that they are in. In various implementations, the substrate7 may be a circuit board 10 and the electronic circuitry 8 may beconfigured to function as a central processing unit (CPU) 12.

In particular embodiments, the electronic circuitry 8 may be configuredso as to from a CPU 12, which CPU 12 may comprise a microprocessor. Themicroprocessor 12 may be coupled to the substrate 7 to from at leastpart of circuit board 10. In various embodiments, the microprocessor 12may be a microchip, which microchip 12 is capable of being coupled tothe circuit board 10 and is configured for performing various processingfunctions related to identifying, locating, and/or sensing a conditionof a user 100 to which the chip 20 is coupled. Additionally, in variousinstances, the microprocessor 12 may be configured so as to include anonboard memory, communications module, and/or an input/output forcommunicating with the circuit board 10. Hence, in certain embodiments,the identity, position, and/or health monitoring apparatus 1 isconfigured for communicating the same to a third party, such as over anassociated network.

Accordingly, in various embodiments, in addition to including themicrochip 12 having a microprocessor therein, the circuit board 10,and/or microchip itself, may additionally include or otherwise beoperationally coupled with one or more other modules, such as a memory14, a communications module 16, an input/output module 19, all of whichmay be powered by a power source 18. Additionally, in certainembodiments, the circuit board 10 may be configured as a small chip 20that may be operably coupled to one or more sensors 30 and/or one ormore displays 25. More particularly, in various instances, a substrate 7is provided wherein the substrate may be a circuit board 10 or otherwiseinclude one or more of a microprocessor 12, a memory 14, acommunications module 16, and an energy source 18, e.g., a battery,powering the same. In certain instances, the circuit board 10 mayinclude an input/output module 19, a sensing mechanism 35 being operablyconnected to a sensory control unit 30 and/or the microprocessor 12,and/or may be coupled to a display 25.

In particular embodiments, the microchip 12 may be any suitableprocessing unit, such as an Intel® or Arm® core processing unit and/ormicroprocessor. The memory 14 may be any suitable memory such as a RAM,ROM, NAND flash or FRAM. The communications module 16 may include one orboth of a suitable transmitter 16A and/or a suitable receiver 16B. Forexample, a typical transmitter 16A may be a radio frequency (RF)transmitter, a cellular transmitter, WIFI, and/or a Bluetooth®, such asa low energy Bluetooth® transmitter unit. In some instances, a typicalreceiver 16B may include a satellite based geolocation system or othermechanism for determining the position of an object inthree-dimesnsional space. For instance, the geolocation system mayinclude one or more technologies such as a Global Navigation SatelliteSystem (GNSS). Exemplary GNSS systems that enable accurate geolocationcan include GPS in the United States, Globalnaya navigatsionnayasputnikovaya sistema (GLONASS) in Russia, Galileo in the European Union,and/or BeiDou System (BDS) in China.

In various instances, as seen in FIG. 1B, the microchip 20 may part of acircuit board 10, such as a flexible or semi-flexible digital logiccircuit board. The circuit board 10 may be a printed circuit board thatincludes the various components of the system 1. As described abovethese components may include one or more of a microchip 20, a memory 14,a communications module 16, an input/output module 19, a power source18, and the like. One or more of these components may be operablyconnected to one another such as by one or more inter connects, such asflexibly printed interconnects. Additionally, in certain embodiments,the circuit board 10 may include one or more I/Os 19 and/or may beelectronically coupled to one or more sensors 30. In particularinstances, the circuit board 10 may be rigid or semi-rigid and mayinclude or otherwise be coupled to a GPS module, as shown in FIG. 1B,and/or a SIM card and/or chip set, as shown in FIG. 1C.

Accordingly, in particular instances, a geolocation device of thedisclosure may include an elongated substrate forming a flexible orsemi-flexible digital logic circuit board arrangement, which circuitboard may be contained within a cavity of an elongated body of thesubstrate or a first and/or second surface of an encasement housing thesubstrate, e.g., within a cavity thereof. In such an instance, thesemi-flexibile digital logic circuit board arrangement may include aplurality of rigid circuit board portions that may be connected by oneor more flexible portions, such as where the digital logic circuit boardarrangement is positioned between the first and second surfaces of theelongated body of the substrate. In some instances, the one or more ofthe rigid circuit board portions of the digital logic circuit boardarrangement may include a central processing unit (CPU), acommunications module, a memory, and an energy source, e.g., a battery,such as where the CPU is operably connected to both the memory and thebattery.

The energy source 18 may be any suitable source of energy such as abattery, such as a wireless charger, solar, thermal, motion, or otherrenewable energy source and/or rechargeable battery, such as a batteryhaving a long energy life. For instance, a long battery life may beachieved through a combination of functions of components, such asthrough the use of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) RF technology. Forexample, the chip, chipset, and/or bracelet having a suitably configuredtransmitter and/or receiver, e.g., GPS, may be configured for beingpaired, such as in a master/servant relationship with another devicesuch as a mobile phone device, such as with the smart-phone of a parentand/or guardian.

In such an instance, when the wearer of the device, e.g., the child, iswithin a selected range, e.g., within 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60,70, 75, or even 100 feet (meters or yards) from the connected device,the higher energy consuming functions, such as the GPS function, may beturned off, e.g., manually or automatically, and hence energy will beconserved because the higher energy functions, e.g., GPS and/or cellularcommunication functions, are not being employed. Particularly, in someinstances, a typical power draw of the device while paired with asmartphone, tablet, or other BLE device may be less than 1000 uW, lessthan 500 uW, less than 250 uW, less than 150 uW, less than 100 uW, lessthan 75 uW, less than 50 uW, less than 25 uW, less than 15 uW, or evenless than 10 uW. More particularly, the energy saving dynamics as hereindescribed may be such that when paired with a BLE device, the device,e.g., bracelet, may run for over 1 or 2 years on a simple coin cellbattery (e.g., a typical 2032 coin battery holds 600+mWH of power, 600mW/50 uW=600/0.05=12000 hours=500 days). Further, when the device isoperated in the BLE mode exclusively, then the battery life may be up toabout 3, 4, or 5 years, dependent on the configuration. Accordingly,given these results, the device may be configured to optimize itsfunctionality with respect to prolonged and/or enhanced operation in theBLE connection mode.

However, when the geolocation device, e.g., bracelet loses connectivitywith the master, e.g., parent's device, it may automatically switch tocellular communications mode, or may not immediately switch to cellularcommunication. For instance, in certain instances, it may first attemptto connect to any other previously paired device, such as switching fromone parent's phone to another, of from one relative to another, or fromone safe location beacon to another. If such a connection is notestablished, it may also try again to contact with a previously paired,safe device, such as the Dad's phone. This allows for any momentary RFdisruptions to be handled without substantially impacting the batterylife of the device. For example, in some instances, only when acarefully selected amount of time with no connection and/orcommunication has passed will the device, e.g., bracelet, power up theGPS and/or cellular communication hardware. Further, the device may beconfigured such that at all times while not in a BLE connection, thebracelet may periodically and/or continually attempt to re-establish aBLE connection, which operation may be configured to take extremelylittle power.

For instance, in certain instances, the geolocation and/or statusmonitoring device, e.g., bracelet, may be configured for communicatingwith a controlling device, e.g., a master device, and possibly one ormore other geolocation and status monitoring devices, or third partydevice, e.g., computer, such as to alert a user, parent, or third partymonitor to the location of the geolocation device and status monitoringdevice. Such controlling devices can be standalone, dedicated devicessuch as devices that may be solely or at least primarily dedicated tocommunicating with and/or controlling the geolocation and/or statusmonitoring devices; or the control device may be a general purposecommunication device (e.g. a home or portable computing device, such asa smartphone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a mini-tabletdevice, or the like). The controlling device may be a single device orthe user(s), e.g., parent and/or child, may switch between two or morecontrolling devices, such as where the parent or other monitor may tracktwo or more geolocation devices, such as that of multiple childrenwearing the bracelets. In some instances, features and functionsdescribed elsewhere herein as part of a controlling device can beprovided by one of a plurality of devices associated with multipleobjects, e.g., children. Hence, in various embodiments, the geolocationand/or control devices disclosed herein can optionally include aprocessor and/or communications hardware that can permit the personaldevices to communicate with one another, and in some embodiments to actas a controlling device.

Particularly, in some instances, a user, e.g., a parent, may requirelocation data, or proximity information, and/or status data regardinghis or her child or children. In many instances, the parent will want toknow the child is at a particular location, or within a certain radiusof the parent, e.g., the parent's controlling device that is synched orotherwise linked via one or more wireless communication protocols to thegeolocation and/or monitoring device, e.g., bracelet, associated withthe child, and/or to know the status of one or more conditions of thechild. In certain of such instances, the controlling and/or geolocationdevice may, e.g., on a pre-determined schedule or intermittently, beprogrammed to expect a wireless communication signal from the otherdevice, such as the geolocation and/or status monitoring device to thecontrol device, or vice-versa, so as to allow the associated devices tocommunicate and/or track one another.

Consistent with the present disclosure, the controlling device and/orgeolocation and/or status monitoring device may emit an alarm or warningif such a signal is present after a period of being absent, or absentafter a period of being present. Additionally, the controlling deviceand/or geolocation and/or monitoring device may emit a signal, such as avisual or sound indication or vibratory warning when such a wirelesscommunication signal from the geolocation and/or status monitoringdevice is detected, after a period of absence, or not detected, after aperiod of presence. The wireless communication signal may be arbitrarilyreceived or may be received in response to a communication sent to theto or from the controlling device. The communications may use one ormore communication protocols such as variants described in the IEEE 802standard, or proprietary wireless communication techniques. For example,the controlling device and geolocation and/or monitoring device may usevariants and/or combinations of wireless communications signals, such asBluetooth®, ANT, Wi-Fi, cellular data (e.g., LTE), etc., as describedabove.

Further, as described above, in some instances, the controlling devicemay instead locate the geolocation and/or monitoring device usinglonger-distance wireless communication schemes, including cellularnetworks, such as by comparing absolute locations of the controllingdevice and the geolocation and/or monitoring device. For instance,absolute or near absolute location data may be obtained or derived bydetecting and analyzing signals from a Global Navigation SatelliteSystem (GNSS), such as the Global Positioning System (GPS). In someembodiments, signals from other known-location transmitters, for examplecell phone signal towers, may be used in place of, or to augment GNSSsignals.

In some instances, the controlling device may transmit to and/or receivelocation information from the geolocation/status monitoring device byuse of wireless data networks, such as Wi-Fi, or cellular data networks,or wireless direct communications. Such wireless communications over anetwork may utilize dynamically assignable addresses such as one or moreof those used in TCP/IP protocols, the controlling device may use IPand/or typically more-persistent and device-specific MAC addresses fordirect controller-to-location/status device communication, or fornetwork communication via a routing device. The signal strength of aradio signal communicated between the controlling device and thegeolocation and/or status monitoring device may also be used todetermine the distance between the bracelet and the controlling device.

Determining the geolocation of the geolocation and/or status monitoringdevice may be aided with the addition of a magnetic compass ormagnetometer that detects changes in direction of the monitoring and/ormonitored device, which components may be part of the controller and/orgeolocation and/or status monitoring device, e.g., bracelet. Determiningthe location of the geolocation and/or status monitoring device may beaccomplished using the device itself, which can house a power source,such as a battery, a communications module, and a circuit board with aprocessor, as described above. Alternatively, the geolocation device maytransmit the location data to the controlling device, and thecontrolling device may analyze the location data to determine thelocation of the geolocation and/or status monitoring device, or viceversa. In other instances, the location data collected by the monitoreddevice may be stored on the device, and then accessed at a later timefor analysis to determine locations of the monitored device over time.The monitoring and/or status, and/or controlling device can determineand/or store the date and time and/or condition of the device whenlocation data is collected.

The controlling or geolocation device may utilize a known location ofthe location, such as a location of geolocation and/or status monitoringdevice, compare this known location to its own known location, and issuea warning or emit an alarm when the location and status device isfarther away from the controlling device than a predetermined thresholddistance or is within a predetermined proximity of the controllingdevice, as described generally above. For instance, the location,control, and status device, such as a bracelet and/or mobile phone, mayissue a warning or emit an alarm or other signal when the geolocationand/or control device is farther away from the other, e.g., geolocationdevice, than a predetermined threshold distance or is within apredetermined proximity of the other device, such as an electronicdevice such as a mobile computing device, tablet computer, or mobilephone. For example, a geolocation and/or status monitoring device, suchas a bracelet, may be configured for lighting up when it approaches auser, e.g., parent, holding the controlling device, and/or vice versa,e.g., the control device, mobile phone, may be configured for lightingup, vibrating, sounding an alarm or otherwise signaling when thegeolocation and/or status monitoring device approaches the controldevice, or vice versa. An alarm can include, but is not limited to, anaudio alarm, a visual alarm, a vibratory alarm, a message sent toanother device, or any combination thereof.

Besides being notified of the proximity or distance between the twodevices, e.g., the controlling device and the geolocation device, a usermay wish to actively track the movement of the device in real-time. Forinstance, the controlling device may have the ability to actively trackthe location of the location, control, and status device, such as on amap of the area surrounding a user or the area surrounding thegeolocation and/or status monitoring device. For example, thecontrolling device may alternatively have the ability to actively trackthe location of the geolocation device such as by indicating the timeand the distance between the user and the geolocation device and maychart the same such as on an electronic graph, table, or map. Suchactive tracking may be accomplished via a dedicated software applicationon the controlling device and/or tracking device, a software applicationrunning on remote server, or via a website.

In some embodiments, the geolocation and/or status monitoring device maycommunicate directly or indirectly with a server via a private or publicnetwork (e.g., the Internet). For example, a shopping mall, town, orcity, or transportation hub, such as an airport or airline, may providecommunication beacons or nodes or relays, as described herein, atstrategic locations for collecting information about/from a geolocationand/or status monitoring device. The node/relay may detect the presenceof the geolocation and/or status monitoring device and report suchdetection to a computer server and/or a control device. In someinstances the node or relay may obtain information specificallyidentifying the location status monitoring device, along with itsstatus. A location of the location and status monitoring device may bederived with respect to proximity of the node/relay, or may be reportedfrom the location and status monitoring device to the node/relay. Theidentifying information may be recorded at the node/relay for futureuse, or may be forwarded to a computer server for any of severalpurposes.

For instance, location and/or status information obtained by suchnodes/relays may permit statistical evaluation of locations and statusesof the wearer of the bracelet to aid the monitoring and/or controldevice to evaluate location and/or status history of the child or otherwearer of the band. Such a system may be employed by homes, communities,towns and/or cities to monitor locations and/or statuses of the childrenliving in those places. Moreover, specific obtained geolocation and/orstatus information may be presented on an access-controlled website foraccess by an enrolled parent or authorized monitor of the geolocationand/or status monitoring device. In certain instances, the provider ofthe network and/or owner of the information may require a user tosubscribe to a service in order to access the information. This servicemay be offered for valuable consideration. All, or a part of collectedgeolocation and/or status information for one or more location andstatus monitoring devices may be made available, in various levels ofspecificity and/or aggregation for offering to various third parties.

In particular instances, to facilitate one or more of theseimplementations, a software and/or hardware application may be presentand executed by one or more of the controlling and/or geolocation deviceand may provide a user interface that can display information from orabout the location and/or status of the geolocation and/or statusmonitoring device(s) and/or the control device. The interface mayfurther provide input portions that permit the user to enter informationand/or commands. For instance, such a software application may be in theform of a “mobile app” for use on or execution by a mobile smartphone ordedicated device or processor thereof, or may be in the form of asoftware application for execution in a conventional personal computer(e.g., desktop or laptop or tablet) or enterprise computer system.

In various instances, the application's display features may includeinput mechanisms including mechanical or virtual: buttons, sliders,switches, text inputs, menu selections, and the like for entering dataor changing settings. Accordingly, input mechanisms may include physicalor virtual inputs such as keys, buttons, sliders, switches, etc.Moreover, the software application may utilize sensors provided in thecontrolling device itself and/or the geolocation and/or statusmonitoring device, including, but not limited to attitude, altitude,barometric and/or temperature sensors, accelerometers, gyroscopes, lightsensors, user proximity sensors, microphones, speakers, etc. The displaymay present information textually and/or graphically. Graphics mayinclude use of geographic maps, graphs, arrows, contour maps, levelmeters or charts, dials, gauges, and the like, or combinations thereof.Various modifications to the herein described may be employed forpresenting a user with a view of data and/or means to interact with thesoftware application for control of a location, control, and statusmonitoring device or data associated therewith.

For instance, an exemplary software application may present a user witha one or more menus or screens configured at least for permittingviewing and/or selection of user preferences or settings, for viewingdata received from or related to one or more geolocation and/or statusmonitoring devices, and for controlling functions and/or determining thestatus of the location and/or status monitoring device(s). Theapplication may include communication settings such as forpairing/bonding a geolocation and/or status monitoring device with arelay and/or controlling device (e.g., the device executing the softwareapplication). In addition to such control and presentation of wireless(or wired) “handshaking”, communication features may includetransmission of commands and settings, receipt of sensor data orhistorical data, alarm/warning notifications (e.g., at loss orattainment of proximity), etc.

In one example the communication features may permit a user to selectamong multiple available signals for use in calculating a location of ageolocation and/or status monitoring device. Additionally, the user,e.g., parent, may be presented with a list of typical use scenarios thatcorrespond to a particular set of available signals. For example, theuser might select from among “tracking” and/or “proximity” settings,where an particular setting selection may permit utilization of signalstypical of that setting (e.g., various radar, cellular, and/or othersignals). For instance, selecting a “child tracker” setting may utilizeGPS and/or cellular signals more typically available for outdoor use,while selecting a “proximity” setting may use only a device-specifictype of communication (e.g., Bluetooth® Smart). Such communicationmodalities may also be useful in determining the status of or otherwisecontrolling the tracking, geolocation, and/or status determining device.

For display settings a user may, in certain software and/or hardwareapplication implementations, select from among color schemes, graphtypes, data types for display, analysis types for calculation anddisplay, percentage vs. absolute amounts, etc. The application maypresent options for whether, and in what way, to display certaininformation. For example, the settings may permit overlap of certaindata (e.g., location and proximity) for presentation in a single screen,or may permit selection of the type and number of screens that a usermay scroll through, each screen presenting different data, or adifferent view of data.

Moreover, the communication features of the software and/or hardwareapplication may permit a user to interact with a third-party server orwebsite in order to view sensor data, comparative data (e.g., with otherusers, similar items, similar locations or destinations, etc.).Communications with a third party may include a subscription componentpermitting the user of the software application to initiate and maintaina subscription to third party services. That is, a party other than thesoftware application user may provide subscription services for whichthe user may enroll. The communication features of the softwareapplication may directly or indirectly provide the user with a way tosecurely transmit personal and/or financial information for suchsubscription. The communication features of the software application mayalso permit a user, e.g., parent, to detect changes in the geolocationor status of the child wearing the bracelet in real-time. In someimplementations, the software includes a feature that allows the user toselect whether updates from a geolocation and status device aretransmitted in real-time or on a scheduled or random basis.

The application may be used to manage features of a controlling devicethat utilizes a non-graphical information display, which may includevarious light emitting devices (e.g. LEDs), speakers, vibratoryelements, and the like configured to provide appropriate information toa user. For instance, the software application may control use ofdedicated arrows or meter-bars to indicate direction and/or proximity ofthe geolocation and status monitoring device. The application, e.g.,software application, may manage operation of an audio component forproducing sound in response to particular events. Such sounds and/orvisual and/or vibratory notification signals may be generated andemitted from the controlling device and/or from the geolocation and/orstatus monitoring device. The application executed by the controllingdevice may cause the controlling or geolocation device to emitsounds/visual/vibratory notifications, or may transmit a command orother notification-causing data to the location and status monitoringdevice for emission of such notifications by the location, control,and/or status monitoring device. Hence, in some instances, the softwareapplication may cause transmission of a command to the geolocationand/or status monitoring device to emit a sound/visual/vibratorynotification in which the sound/notification content is previouslystored at the geolocation and status monitoring device, or vice versa.On the other hand, the software application may cause the controllingdevice to transmit sound/notification content data to the geolocationand status monitoring device such that the location and statusmonitoring device may emit the notification transmitted. In this way,the sound/visual/tactile notification for a particular geolocation andstatus monitoring device may be customized according to user preferenceor circumstance.

In particular embodiments, such as where the controlling and/orgeolocation device includes a graphical display, the display may beintegrated with a touch screen or may be distinct from user inputmechanisms. The graphical display may be controlled to present anycombination of at least location, proximity/direction, status, maps,etc. Location may be presented at least as a description and/or as a mapshowing geographic location. The location may appear as a predeterminedidentifier on a map. For example, a graphical representation of thepersonal effect (e.g., child or children or other objects to be tracked)may appear on a map to help distinguish and identify the personal effectfor visual confirmation of location. When multiple personal effects aremonitored, each personal effect may appear separately in the graphicalrepresentation.

Proximity/direction may be presented by showing both the user and theproximate device (e.g., geolocation and/or status monitoring device) ona map, by providing a textual description, and/or a graphicrepresentation of distance. For instance, the proximity may be presentedas a distance (e.g., “20 ft”), as a level meter, and/or as a color-codedindicator (e.g., blue=near, red=distant). Direction may be indicated viaa map, or by direction indicators (e.g., arrows) showing where the usermay go to get closer to the location and status monitoring device(s). Inembodiments having multiple location and status monitoring devices theproximity and direction indicators may include identifiers for eachgeolocation and status monitoring device. For example, an arrow taggedwith a preset or user-selected identifier may point in the direction ofa particular personal effect. The size, shape, and or color of the arrowmay provide information regarding distance to the child. Multiplechildren may have corresponding identifiers.

The software application may include a “library” of objects, e.g.,children to be tracked, from which a user may select to monitor thevarious location and/or status. For instance, a user may according tocircumstance choose to monitor one or several children, such as during aparticular trip. In another circumstance, the user may choose to monitora geolocation and status monitoring device associated with a differentitem, person, or pet. This permits the user to monitor the location andstatus of the person or pet, etc. having a geolocation and/or statusmonitoring device to monitor the location and status of a geolocationand/or status monitoring device associated with a child. The user may,further have the option of concurrently displaying information for allor a subset of monitored geolocation and status monitoring devices. Inyet other instances, the user may be able to query a specified number ofmonitored geolocation devices from the library and confirm that allselected devices are within a specified range of the controlling deviceor within a specified range of a geolocation and/or within a specifiedpredetermined status, etc.

The software and/or hardware application may include a screen thatpresents location and/or status in a historical manner. For instance,the application may cause display of past and present locations overtime, thus providing a route of the monitored geolocation and statusmonitoring device. Similarly, historical information may include statusover time. For example, presenting the number of times that a childenters or leaves a particular location, such as a list or map oflocations and/or times at which the same took place. In geolocationand/or status monitoring device implementations having an associatedimage capture device, a list or map showing historic travelings mayselectably permit display of a photo or video captured during one ormore of such openings. Moreover, historic data may include anycombination of information collected over time. Thus, the historic datamay include any combination of data collected over time, including atleast location, proximity, altitude, pressure, battery level, etc. Thehistoric data may be presented in any (or any combination) of graphs,charts, maps, color contours, lists, text descriptions, tactilepresentations, vibrations, braille, audio descriptions or notifications,etc. Those having skill in the art will recognize that patterns andtrends in data may be analyzed and presented for further consideration.

The software application may also include a feature that communicateswith a processor of a geolocation and status monitoring device to updatesoftware or firmware stored in the location, control, and statusmonitoring device. For instance, the software application may updatefirmware periodically, or in response to a user command. Firmwareupdating may include obtaining, e.g., by download, an updated firmwareversion, determining a software/firmware version currently in ageolocation and/or status monitoring device, transmitting the updatefirmware if the firmware version is different from the obtained firmwareversion, and causing the location and status monitoring device to usethe transmitted firmware version. The geolocation and/or statusmonitoring device may be updated wirelessly or may in someimplementations be configured for wired connection. Such wiredconnection may also be used for download of data to a computer and/orfor charging a battery of the location and status monitoring device.

The software application may also be configured to monitor a softwarerepository for an update version of the software application. Upondetecting an update version, the software application may prompt a userto update the software. Alternatively, the software application may beconfigured to receive a notification of update version, the notificationbeing pushed from a software repository when an update version isavailable. In some instances, the predetermined threshold distancebetween the geolocation and/or status monitoring device and the controldevice may be about 30 meters or less, about 2 meters or less, or evenabout 1 meter or less, such as about 20 meters or 10 meters, 5 meters, 3meters, a foot or less. In other instances, the predetermined thresholddistance can be about 10 meters or more or less. In still otherimplementations, the predetermined threshold distance can be about 50 orabout 40 or about 30 or about 20 or about 15 meters or more or less. Insome implementations, a user-configurable threshold distance can be setby the user through a user interface or other input device associatedwith or otherwise in communication with the controlling device.

As an example, a controlling device can include one or more ofsoftware-based (e.g. a touch screen, a voice activated control, akeyboard, a trackball, a mouse, a stylus, or the like) and/or hardwarebased (e.g. physical buttons or switches, etc.) controls that can allowvariation of the user-configurable threshold distance. Such controls canallow a user to configure the user-configurable threshold distancedirectly in terms of a distance or indirectly in terms of some othercriteria (e.g. by providing choices based on factors), which correlateto an actual threshold distance. In some instances, the thresholddistance can be based upon the available communications technology(e.g., a functional range over which a reliable wireless communicationlink can be achieved between the controller and the personal effect),the importance of the personal effect to which the location and statusmonitoring device is attached, or the like.

In other instances, the threshold distance can be based in part on theenvironment around the personal effect, for example, a location of thechild within a given area of a park, airport, or the like. In someinstances, a triggering device at a particular location can trigger thebracelet on the child to cause transmission of a signal to notify a userof the child's presence or departure. Depending on implementation, thesignal may be sent from a beacon, relay, or scanning device or from thebracelet directly to a user's controlling device or to anenrollee-accessible webpage that is configured for such purpose.

In some examples, a user may wish to know a precise geolocation of achild wearing a geolocation bracelet. Consistent with one or moreimplementations of the current subject matter, the controlling devicemay receive data from a corresponding location and status deviceindicating such location. In such cases, the geolocation and/or statusmonitoring device may employ location sensors, receivers, ortransceivers. Such location sensors can optionally include one or moretechnologies such as a Global Navigation Satellite System receiver(GNSS). Exemplary GNSS systems that enable accurate geolocation caninclude the Global Positioning System (GPS) in the United States,Globalnaya navigatsionnaya sputnikovaya sistema (GLONASS) in Russia,Galileo in the European Union, and BeiDou System (BDS) in China.

Wireless signals from any signal emitter having a known location may bereceived and used for calculating location. Of particular use aresignals that themselves include location information or a uniqueidentifier that can be indexed to a known location. For instance,alternatively or in addition to navigation satellite information,location sensors consistent with this disclosure can include radiofrequency (RF) and/or microwave power sensors, such as heat-based(thermistor or thermocouple power sensors) or diode detector sensors. RFand microwave power sensors can allow radio frequency triangulation withrespect to known-location transmitters such as cellular communicationrelay locations (e.g. cell towers), or other devices with knownpositions. Such signals, for non-limiting example, maybe based on theInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' (IEEE) 802.11standards (WiFi), IrDA (Infrared Data Association), ZigBee®(communications based upon IEEE 802 standard for personal areanetworks), Z-wave, wireless USB, or the like, and may include anidentifier such as a Media Access Control (MAC) and/or Internet Protocol(IP) address of the transmitting device, or other typically uniqueidentifier.

Other exemplary RF and microwave signal sources that may be used be ageolocation/status monitoring device for determining location orproximity include those used for aviation, such as radar systems (e.g.high power radar or ground control radar for aviation), VHFomnidirectional radio range (VOR) stations, microwave landing systems(MLS), instrument landing systems (ILS), automatic dependentsurveillance-broadcast (ADS-B), and ground control radios. RF signalsfrom radio and television stations, as well as wireless utility metersfor electricity, gas, and water can also be used. Depending on the typeand strength of the RF or microwave signal that is detected, one or moreantennas may be built into the bracelet. In some instances, the one ormore antennas can be provided on the exterior of the bracelet or otherobject or just under the outer layer of the bracelet; in certaininstances, the one or more antennas form a decorative design on theexterior.

For instance, a geolocation/status monitoring device may receive signalsfrom two or more transmitting devices, where the signals include anidentifier for the transmitter (e.g., Media Access Control (MAC)address), from which an absolute location of the transmitter can bedetermined by lookup. Analysis of the two or more signals can then beperformed to calculate a location of the geolocation/status monitoringdevice. In some such examples, a location and status monitoring devicemay include a processing unit that coordinates determination of thelocation of the device, such as using RF fingerprinting of one or moreRF signal generators. The processing unit may also facilitatesynchronization between a geolocation and/or status monitoring deviceand a controlling device.

RF fingerprinting of radio frequency or microwave signals from an RFsource can allow for more accurate triangulation by accuratelyidentifying RF or microwave emitting sources having known locations bycharacteristics of those signals. In some implementations, multiplesensors for multiple types of RF or microwave signals can be used toidentify and triangulate an accurate location. Geolocation can becorrelated with an RF fingerprint of multiple RF or microwave sources,and known correlations of RF fingerprints and geolocations can be storedin a database. When RF or microwave signals from multiple sources arereceived by sensors on the bracelet, the RF fingerprint can bedetermined and compared with the database in order to determine thegeolocation of the child.

RF signal analysis for proximity may include measurement of the receivedsignal strength (or amplitude) of the radio signal. In someimplementations, proximity of location and status monitoring device canbe determined by reference to an object, such as another location andstatus monitoring device or a controlling device. For example, aBluetooth® Smart signal from a location and status monitoring device maybe analyzed to detect an approximate distance and direction from acontrolling device. In another example, proximity may be obtained usingDoppler principles. That is, a transceiver in the bracelet may send aradio signal from the bracelet to an object, e.g., a beacon or relay,having a known location. The radio signal is then reflected from theobject back to the transceiver. The returning RF waveforms may bedetected by matched-filtering, and delay in the return of the RFwaveform is measured in order to determine distance from the object. Instill another non-limiting implementation, a magnetic or electric fieldmay be analyzed to detect disturbances in the field caused by movementof a relatively large dielectric object (such as a person or personaleffect). Sensors can passively (and thus at low power) detect changes inspatial potential within the field and thus provide position, movement,and direction within the field.

Geolocation can also be determined by using inertial sensors (e.g.accelerometers and gyroscopes; see infra) either in addition to, or inplace of GNSS, RF fingerprinting, or other location systems. If suitableRF or microwave signals are not available or have insufficient strengthfor detection, information from inertial sensors associated with thebracelet disclosed herein can be used to calculate relative locationusing dead reckoning with respect to a previous location, or absolutelocation with respect to a last-known absolute location. For instance,an inertial sensor data on the current angular velocity and the currentlinear acceleration of a child and/or his or her movements can be usedto determine the angular velocity and inertial position of a bracelethaving such sensors. In some implementations, inertial sensors may becombined with a compass associated with the bracelet to increaseaccuracy of direction calculations.

A user may wish to link or associate multiple geolocation and statusmonitoring devices (e.g., multiple persons) to the same controllingand/or monitoring device. A user may additionally wish to link orassociate multiple geolocation and status monitoring devices to eachother. In such scenarios, the user may designate one location and statusmonitoring device to be a dominant device that communicates to thecontrolling device, while the other location and status monitoringdevices communicate to the dominant device. Such linkages may beunidirectional or bidirectional.

An example of this would be the use of a location and status monitoringdevice, such as a bracelet or mobile phone paired therewith, designatedby a user to be the dominant device. Accordingly, in such an instance,the one or more geolocation devices may each include a digital logiccircuit board arrangement that further includes a pairing device such asfor pairing the geolocation device(s) with a remote master device suchas via a wireless communication channel. In such an instance, thepairing may be defined by a distance between the geolocation device(s)and the master device such that if the distance between the geolocationdevice and the master device exceeds a predetermined range, an alarm isset off in one or more of the geolocation device and the master device.Particularly, where multiple geolocation devices are to be tracked, suchas via a master controller, the user may have synchronized the dominantdevice, e.g., child's mobile phone, with the controlling device, e.g.,parent's mobile phone. The bracelet(s) communicates its location and/orstatus information to the master device, e.g., phone, which in turncommunicates this information along with its own location and status tothe controlling device. Such an approach can allow use of lower powercommunication devices (e.g. Bluetooth® Low Energy [BLE, a.k.a.Bluetooth® Smart], ANT+, RFID, IrDA, Zigbee®, etc.) on the location andstatus monitoring devices other than the dominant device, which canoptionally include a higher power communication device such as acellular transceiver or WiFi transceiver for communication over longerdistances. In this manner, the dominant device can communicate with thecontroller device over longer distances and can communicate with theother geolocation and status monitoring devices associated with aplurality of children. In some implementations, a wireless mesh networkmay be used to allow the monitoring devices to route data and signalsefficiently to and from the controlling or dominant device.

Synchronization or association of the controlling device with ageolocation and status monitoring device or between two or moregeolocation and status monitoring devices may include an exchange ofelectronic data. The exchange of electronic data may notify anassociated device (e.g., controlling device) of a unique identifier foreach of the other devices, or may provide a code shared in common by allof the associated devices. A controlling device or primary location andstatus monitoring device may use unique identifiers to individuallycommunicate with any or all of several associated location and statusmonitoring devices, and may obtain device-distinguishable data from eachassociated geolocation and status monitoring device. On the other hand,when all devices share a common code for identification, the controllingdevice may treat a group of location and status monitoring devices as asingle unit. In such implementations, a controlling device may learn of,e.g., proximity or location from any one of the associated geolocationand status monitoring devices. This may be useful and efficient ininstances where all of the associated location and status monitoringdevices are typically considered together, such as a group of children.

Implementations consistent with this disclosure may combine the use ofunique identifiers and common codes in order to make use of theadvantages of both schemes. A common code may alternatively be used touniquely secure communications between the controlling device andgeolocation and status monitoring device(s). For instance, the commoncode/password/key/token may be used as a part of an encryption schemesuch as wireless access protocol (WAP), wired equivalent privacy (WEP),Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), variants thereof, or other standard orproprietary security protocols permitting secured communications. Suchsecurity protocols may implement cryptography algorithms such asadvanced encryption standard (AES), data encryption standard (DES), RSA,and the like. In addition, communications may implement compressionalgorithms and/or hashing functions in order to reduce the amount ofdata transferred and to ensure data integrity. The encryption schemesmay be implemented using dedicated circuitry and/or general purposeprocessors, and may further utilize processors, magnetic and/or solidstate memory devices, electronic fobs, electronic dongles, SIM cards andthe like, or any combination thereof.

As indicated above, and as can be seen with reference to FIGS. 2A-2C, inone aspect, the chip 20 provided herein may be configured to function asa thin profile geolocation device for locating a person, animal, and/orobject within a geographical region that is easy to use and simple tomanufacture. In various instances, the device may further be configuredto function as an identity, position, and/or health monitoringapparatus. In various instances, the chip 20 has a thin profile, islightweight, uses low energy, and may be curved, such as for ease ofuse, such as within the bounds of a curved piece of jewelry, such as abracelet, for instance, a sports band.

Accordingly, with reference to FIG. 2A the identity, position, and/orhealth monitoring chip 20 may be contained within a housing 40 that maybe coupled with or otherwise configured for being removably attached toa secondary article 50, such as a necklace, bracelet, ring, keychain, orthe like that may be worn by the user of the device 1. Hence, in variousinstances, the identity, position, and/or health monitoring chip 20 maybe included within a housing 40, which housing may include a singlemember having a first portion and a second portion that bends back onitself so as to encase the chip 20 between the first and secondportions; or it may include a first member 42, e.g., a top member, and asecond member 44, e.g., a bottom member, that when coupled together formthe housing 40 within which the chip 20 may be encased. In variousinstances, the housing may include a hinge member, which hinge memberfunctions to moveably align the first and second portions, or separatetop and bottom members, together in such a manner that the housing maybe opened or closed, such as for insertion of the chip 20 there between.

More particularly, the housing 40 may have a first portion or a firstmember 42, having a first (inner) surface 42A, and may further have asecond portion or a second member 44, having a second (inner) surface44A, such that when the first surface 42A is moved within closeablealignment with the second surface 44A, the first 42A and second 44Asurfaces are separated from one another by a distance to form a chamber45 there between, which chamber 45 is configured to securely retain thechip 20 therein. In various instances, the housing 40 is of one piece,such as a one piece elastic band, that has been manufactured in a mannersuch that the chamber 45 is formed between a first portion and a secondportion of the elastic band 40, the chip 20 is inserted therein, and theinsertion opening is closed thereby permanently coupling the chip 20within the bounds of the band 40. In other instances, the housing 40 isa separate unit from a secondary article 50 to which the housing 40 maybe removably coupled. In such an instance, the housing 40 may includeretaining features 48A and 48B that function to allow the housing 40 tobe coupled to the secondary article 45.

For instance, retaining features 48A and 48B may be any featureconfigured for allowing the housing 40 to be coupled, such aspermanently or removably coupled to a secondary article 40.Particularly, where the secondary article is a necklace or bracelet, asingle or multiple retaining features 48 may be included as part of thehousing 40, where the retaining feature 48 may be one or more loopsthrough which the necklace or bracelet 50 is threaded. In otherembodiments, one or more of the retaining features 48 may be configuredto be at least part of a buckle, a button, a zipper, a fastener, such ashook and loop fastener, a pin and loop fastener, a clip, or the like. Invarious instances, the retaining feature may be or otherwise include anadhesive.

In various instances, the housing 40 may be a waterproof housing. Forinstance, a portion or the entire PCB, RF antennas, chipset, includingGPS and/or SIM, charging coil or antennas, and/or battery may be encasedin a durable and/or waterproof material, such as by being molded, e.g.,injection molded, therewith. Particularly, the PCB and internalcomponentry may be held in place by a small plastic wireframe piecewhile the case material may be molded around the entire assembly. Incertain instances, the telephone chipset may be omitted, such as infavor of Bluetooth or other wireless, e.g., cellular, communicationsmodules, because of it's added bulkiness. In various instances, the casematerial may be a Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE), such as with arelatively low melting point, so as to prevent overheating the batteryand electronics during assembly, while making the unit waterproof. Inthese and in other instances, the housing 40 may include a top portionor member 42, and a bottom portion or member 44 that when coupledtogether form a liquid proof, e.g., a waterproof, seal there between.

For example, as can be seen with respect to FIG. 2B, the housing 40,which may be attachable to or integrally a part of a secondary article,such as a bracelet or band 40, may include a clasping mechanism 46. Theclasping mechanism 46 may include a first portion 46A, e.g., associatedwith the top portion of member 42 of the housing, and may furtherinclude a second portion 46B, e.g., associated with the bottom portionor member 44, together the clasping mechanism portions 46A and 46Bcorrespond with one another such that when operably associated with oneanother function to couple the top 42 and bottom 44 members together.Any suitable clasping mechanism can be employed for this purpose, but insome embodiments, may be a lip and groove, a tooth and opening, abuckle, a clip, and the like.

As depicted in FIG. 2B, the bottom member 44 includes a channel 48. Thechannel includes an interior bounding member 48A and an exteriorbounding member 48B, which bounding members form walls extendingupwards, e.g., inwardly, from the second inner surface 44A of the bottommember 44, and which walls are separated one from the other by adistance that defines the width of the channel 48. The channeladditionally includes a sealing member 49, such as a gasket, to seal theinterior of the cavity from the exterior of the cavity. In thisconfiguration, the top member 42 includes an impingement member or wall47 that extends downwards, e.g., inwardly, away from the first innersurface 42A, and is configured for compressing against the gasket 49,thereby sealing the channel from the ingress of water, or other liquid,when the top member 42 is associated with the bottom member 44 andcoupled together by the clasping mechanism 46. In this embodiment, theclasping mechanism 46A is associated with the impingement member 47, andits corresponding clasping member 46B is associated with the exteriorbounding member 48B.

For example, the clasping or latching mechanism 46A is configured as alip or tongue that at least partially or fully circumscribes theperimeter of the impingement member 47, and the clasping or latchingmechanism 46B is configured as a groove that at least partially or fullycircumscribes the perimeter of the bounding member 48, and is adapted toreceive the lip 46A. In this manner, the impingement member and interiorbounding members bound the chamber, and a circumferential seal may beestablished between the top 42 and bottom 44 members when they arecoupled together, such by the lip 46A being received within the groove46B. In other embodiments, the clasping mechanism need not be aninternal clasping mechanism, but rather may be an exterior claspingmechanism such as a buckle or latch part of which is on the top memberand the other part of which is on the bottom member. It is noted, thatalthough various configurations have been set forth with respect to theabove disclosure, these various configurations are not binding an can beinterchanged among the various members and their component parts withoutdeparting from the scope of the disclosure. For instance, theimpingement member 47 and the channel 48 may be positioned on theopposite, e.g., bottom and top, members. In a manner such as this, thecircuit board 10, or chip 20, etc. may be positioned within the cavity45 and be retained therein in a waterproof environment. Additionally, anadhesive may also be used to seal the top member 42 against the bottommember 44 to effectuate or at least participate in the effectuation of astrong sealing between the two members.

As can be seen with respect to FIG. 2C, in particular instances, theidentity, position, and/or health monitoring apparatus 1 may include acircuit board 10 containing the above referenced micro-processing, GPS,SIM, and/or other functionality, which apparatus 1 may be configured soas to be worn by a user, such as a child whose location is to bemonitored and/or tracked, and, thus, in various embodiments, the circuitboard 10, or chip 20 containing the same, may be configured so as to bepart of, or otherwise coupled with, a piece of adornment, such as apiece of jewelry, a piece of clothing, a key chain, collar, and thelike. For instance, as seen in FIG. 2D, in various instances, theprinted circuit board (PCB) may be made of a rigid, semi-rigid,semi-flexible, flexible material or a combination of the same. Incertain instances, the PCB may be a combination of rigid 10 a andflexible 10 b materials, such as having three rigid sections separatedby two flexible sections, so as to allow the micro-components to besecurely mounted on the rigid sections, while allowing the flexiblesections to flex so that the overall board may be able to bend, and/orotherwise twist, stretch, or to curve such as to bend and/or conform tothe wrists of a wearer of the band, such as a small child.

In various embodiments, the rigid sections 10 a may range from about 5mm to about 50 mm, such as about 10 mm or 12.75 mm to about 40 mm, suchas about 15 mm or 15.25 mm to about 35 mm, such as about 20 mm or 22 mmto about 30 mm, including about 25 mm in length, e.g., per section.Likewise, the flexible sections may be from about 1 mm to about 20 mm,such as about 2 mm to about 15 mm, such as about 3 mm to about 10 mm,such as about 5 mm to about 7 mm in length, e.g., per section. Incertain instances, the width may range from such as about 10 mm or 12.75mm to about 40 mm, such as about 15 mm or 15.25 mm to about 35 mm, suchas about 19 or 19.5 or even 20 mm or 22 mm to about 30 mm, includingabout 25 mm in width. In particular instances, the entire length may befrom about 25 mm to about 100 mm, such as 30 mm to about 90 mm, such asabout 40 mm to about 80 mm, such as about 50 mm to about 70 mm,including about 55 or 56 mm to about 60 mm in length.

Particularly, the substrate 10 may be composed of one or more layers,such as conductive layers, e.g., of metal portions such as copper, thathave been layered on top of an insulating layer, such as an insulatinglayer made of a glass epoxy. In various embodiments, the circuit boardmay include a top layer (GTL), such as a layer including the componentsand/or signal emitters of the device, a middle layer, such as a groundplane (G1) and/or a power/signal layer (G2), and/or a bottom layer (GBL)that may include one or more various system components, and the like.One or more of the layers may include a metal mask with one or morevias, such as a copper layer, e.g., about a half-ounce or 0.7 mls,and/or one of the layers may include a silkscreen or othernon-conductive layer. In various instances, the entire PCB area mayinclude a 2 layer flex PCB with rigid sections that may include anadditional top and/or bottom layer that is rigid and/or which may beconfigured so as to contain the various components of the device, suchas the electrical components. Hence, the rigid sections may include 4layers, and in some instances, the signals between the rigid sectionsmay be routed using one or more of the two or more flexible layers.

Further, as can be seen with respect to FIG. 2B, in various embodiments,the monitoring apparatus may be a part of a piece of jewelry, such as anecklace, a wrist bracelet, a ring (e.g., an ear, finger, belly, toe,ring and the like), an ankle bracelet, and the like. For example, asdepicted in FIG. 2D, the identity, position, and/or health monitoringapparatus 1 is part of a bracelet 50. Particularly, in some embodiments,the monitoring apparatus may be a piece of adornment, such as bracelet50. The bracelet 50 may include an identity, position, and/or healthmonitoring apparatus 1, as described above. The monitoring apparatus 1may be a separate unit from the bracelet 1, which may be coupled with orotherwise attached to the bracelet 1, such as through an appropriatelyconfigured retaining element, or the monitoring apparatus 1 may becontained within the bounds of the bracelet 1. For instance, thebracelet 1 may include a first surface 52 and a second surface 54, whichfirst and second surfaces are separated by a distance sufficient toallow the monitoring apparatus 1 to be retained there between. Invarious embodiments, the first or second surfaces may be the substrateupon which the electronic circuitry is printed. Particularly, thebracelet 50 may be composed of an elongated body member 51 having aproximal portion 51A and a distal portion 51D, which proximal and distalportions are separated one from the other by a medial portion 51C.

The bracelet 50 may be formed as a continuous loop and thus theproximal, medial, and distal portions may merge into one another, andthus definable only with reference to a secondary object, such as theidentity, position, and/or health monitoring apparatus 1 that isassociated with the bracelet 1. In other instances, the bracelet 50 mayinclude a proximal end 51B and a distal end 51E, which proximal anddistal ends may include corresponding clasping mechanisms 53 allowingboth ends to be coupled to one another, such as around the wrist of awearer of the bracelet 50. This clasping mechanism, along with all theother clasping mechanisms set forth herein may be any suitable claspingmechanism allowing the two separate portions to be joined together, soas to be capable of being joined, disjoined, and/or rejoined with oneanother. For example, the clasping mechanism may be a buckle, button,fastener, such as a hook and loop fastener, a pin and loop fastener, atongue and groove fastener, a latch fastener, a clip, a tie, a screwwith corresponding screw threads, a cam, and/or any other couplingmechanism sufficient for joining the proximal and distal ends together.

As indicated above, the bracelet 50 may form the housing 40 within whichthe monitoring device 1 is retained. Accordingly, the bracelet 50 may beconfigured so as to include a chamber 55 within which the monitoringdevice may be received. Particularly, the bracelet 50 may have a firstsurface 52 and a second surface 54, where the first surface 52 includesan exterior surface portion 52B and an interior surface portion 52A, andthe second surface 54 includes an exterior surface portion 54B and aninterior surface portion 54A. The interior surface portion 52A of thefirst surface 52 and the interior surface portion 54A of the secondsurface 54 may be separated from one another by a distance, whichdistance defines the expanse of the chamber 55 into which the monitoringdevice may be positioned. The monitoring device 1 may be inserted intothe opening of the chamber 55 by various manners, such as by beingcomolded therewith.

As can be seen with respect to FIG. 2D, the bracelet 50 to which themonitoring device 1 is to be coupled is curved. Accordingly, in variousembodiments, the printed circuit board 10 and/or the chip 20 thatincludes the monitoring functionality may also be curved. For instance,both the bracelet 50 and the substrate 7, e.g., the circuit board 10 orchip 20, may have a curve, such as a curve that corresponds to oneanother. Particularly, the bracelet 50 may have a curve that has an arc,such as an arc that ranges from 30 degrees to 360 degrees, and likewisethe substrate 7 may also have a curve that has an arc, such as an arcthat correspondingly ranges from 30 degrees to 360 degrees.

Additionally, in various embodiments, the identity, position, and/orhealth monitoring device 1 may be designed to have a thin profile. Assuch the bracelet, and/or the circuit board 10 containing themicro-processing function itself, may have an overall thickness thatranges from about 3 mm to about 8 mm, for instance from about 3.2 mm toabout 7.8 mm, including about 3 mm to about 8 mm, and in some instancesmay be about 8 mm thick. In certain embodiments, the identity, position,and/or health monitoring apparatus 1 may include and/or may otherwise becoupled to an input/output module, one or more displays, and/or one ormore sensors. In various instances, the circuit board may be a rigid orsemi-flexible digital logic circuit board.

For instance, as can be seen with respect to FIG. 1A, the identity,position, and/or health monitoring apparatus 1 may include an inputdevice that is operably coupled therewith. In such an instance, input,such as input from a user, or a person associated with the user, may bereceived in any form, including, but not limited to, acoustic, speech,or tactile input. Accordingly, a typical input device may include, butis not limited to, keyboards, touch screens or other touch-sensitivedevices such as single or multi-point resistive or capacitive trackpads,voice recognition hardware and software, optical scanners, opticalpointers, digital image capture devices and associated interpretationsoftware, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) port, Secure Digital Input Output(SD/SDIO) port, flash drive port, lightning port, and the like.Additionally, the identity, position, and/or health monitoring apparatus1 may include a display that is operably coupled therewith, whichdisplay may function as a typical output for the monitoring apparatus. Atypical display may be any suitable display such as those that aresimilar to a smart phone or tablet computing retina display.

Additionally, as can be seen with respect to FIG. 3, in variousinstances, an identity, position, and/or health monitoring apparatus 1of the present disclosure may include a sensing mechanism such as asensor. A typical sensor may be any form of data collection mechanismcapable of detecting a relevant characteristic, such as of a user or anenvironment of a user, and may be configured for transmitting that datato the microprocessor unit for processing and/or transmission and/ordisplay such as to the user or an other third party, for instance, aparent, guardian, or medical personnel charged with taking care of thewearer of the circuit board.

For instance, in certain instances, the sensor may be a motion and/ororientation sensor, such as a distance measuring sensor, such as apedometer, a speed or velocity measuring sensor, including anaccelerometer, for example, a multi-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope,strain gauge, and/or a piezoelectric sensor, optical sensor, energysensor, and the like. In various instances, the motion sensor mayinclude sensors that detect instantaneous motion and/or sensors thatdetect velocity and the like for measurement of short duration movementsor impulses. In further instances, the motion sensor may be one or moresensors that detect distance, speed, and/or velocity and themicroprocessor, and/or the sensor hardware or software itself, may beconfigured to utilize that information about distances, passage ofdistance in relation to the passage of time, and/or the rate of suchchange so as to determine one or more other characteristics aboutmotion, direction, and/or location. For example, information from suchpedometers, distance, velocity, acceleration, orientation, and/or otherinertial sensors associated with the monitoring apparatus can be used tocalculate relative location, such as using dead reckoning with respectto a previous location, or absolute location with respect to alast-known absolute location. In such an instance, inertial sensor dataon the current angular velocity and the current linear acceleration ofan object may be used to determine the angular velocity and inertialposition of a device having such sensors. In some implementations,inertial sensors may be combined with a compass associated with thedevice to increase accuracy of direction calculations.

Accordingly, the various sensors or data from such sensors may be usedin combination to determine other relevant information. For example,examples of such sensor combinations can include a distance sensor, suchas a pedometer, e.g., a calibrated pedometer, an altimeter, and/or aclock, or watch, a stopwatch, a timer, and/or a pendulum, from whichdata speed and/or acceleration may be determined. Impulse data may alsobe used in such a calculation, and hence, such sensor combinations couldalso include accelerometers, including multi-axis accelerometers,gyroscopes, and the like. Such accelerometers and/or gyroscopes may beMEMS-based, nano-scale based, piezoelectric, piezoresistive, and thelike.

Other distance sensors can include a GPS receiver or other sensors thatutilize wireless signals to determine position, relative location, anddirection, such as cell phone tower signals, which used with a suitabledevice, and the like. Sensors that detect distance from a fixed objectthrough electromagnetic detection, optical detection, sonic detection,and the like, may also be employed. Combining these position sensorswith a time marking sensor, such as a clock or timer or stopwatch, orthe like, can help a monitoring entity observe how movements of the uservary over a single movement or sequence of movements, or over a periodof time such as over an event that may last days, weeks, or months. Incertain instances, one or more internal or external sensors may beemployed such as where the configuration of the sensors may be placed soas to indicate the position of a person, animal, or object, and possiblyrelative position of limbs or portions of the person's body, may beuseful in determining and/or monitoring vectors related to the directionof movement. Hence, in various instances, various sensors may beinternal to the device and/or worn, and/or external to the device and/orworn for the determination of location, position, orientation, motion,direction, as well as speed, acceleration, as will as ascent and decentand the rate of change in such motions and/or directions.

In various embodiments, one or more of the included internal or externalsensors may be configured so as to be a physiological data collectorthat may be configured so as to collect physiological data, such as dataassociated with a person, e.g., child or adult, and/or his or her stateof health and/or performance in an activity, such as an activityrequiring mental or physical exertion. For example, the sensor may be aphysiologic sensor, such as a temperature gauge or thermometer, so as tomeasure the temperature of the user and/or his environment; a heartmonitor, so as to measure the heart rate of the user; a blood pressuremonitor, to measure the users blood pressure; a blood glucose monitor,to measure blood glucose of the user; as well as one or more sensors forsensing and/or determining one or more of: ambient or body temperature;heart rate; activity (steps, elevation); bodily chemical composition,e.g., glucose, insulin, Hormone levels, etc.; air pressure; bloodpressure; blood O2/CO2 level; humidity; magnetometer or form of compass;accelerometer; gyroscope; proximity; light level; carbon monoxide;smoke/particulates; Personal Lightning Detector (EMP); and the like.

Accordingly, in various embodiments, an identity, position, and/orhealth monitoring apparatus is provided wherein the device includes aCPU such as a micro-controller or microprocessor, such as a 32 bitUltra-Low Power ARM Cortex or Intel Cortex. The microprocessor mayinclude a memory or may be otherwise operably connected to a memory,such as various low power serial NAND flash ICs. Additionally, themicroprocessor may include a communications module that includes atransmitter and or a receiver, and/or may be operably coupled to thesame. In various embodiments, the microprocessor may include or mayotherwise be coupled to one or more sensors, such as one or more sensorsrelated to determining geo-location, relative motion and/or direction,as well as one or more characteristics of movement, such as speed,acceleration, and the like.

In such an instance, the microprocessor may be configured so as to beoperably coupled with one or more sensors, receivers, and/ortransmitters for the purpose of better determining and/or communicationsuch data. For instance, as described in greater detail herein below, invarious instances, the microprocessor may be coupled to a receiverand/or other sensor that is configured for receiving a GPS or cellularsignal so as to determine a position, location, and/or motion, and mayfurther be coupled to a transmitter for transmitting data related to adetermined position, location, and/or motion, such as over a radiofrequency, or a cellular network, to a third party for the monitoring ofthe same. For example, the microprocessor may be coupled to a radiotransmitter configured for transmitting data, such as over an operatingrange from about 2.4 to about 2.485 GHz frequency. In certain particularembodiments, the transmitter may include one or more of WIFI,Bluetooth®, Low Energy/Smart (BLE), ANT+, RFID, IrDA, Zigbee®, and thelike.

As can be seen with respect to FIG. 4, in another aspect, a system fordetermining and/or displaying information about a user, his or herposition and/or location, and/or a state of his or her condition ofhealth is provided. In various implementations, the system 1000 mayinclude one or more of an identity, position, and/or health monitoringapparatus 1, as described above, a user 100 of the system 1000, such asa person to carry or otherwise be coupled with the monitoring apparatus1, and may include a network 200, a data processing unit 300, one ormore external sensors 400, one or more external relays, or beacons 500,and/or one or more second or third party monitoring devices 600 such asa second or third party computing devices, such as a desk or laptopcomputing device, having a display, and/or a mobile computing device,such as a tablet, mini-tablet, of mobile cellular phone based or otherhandheld computing device.

Accordingly, in various embodiments, the system 1000 may include anidentity, position, and/or health monitoring apparatus 1, such as thatdescribed above, which may include one or more of a microprocessor, amemory, a communications module, an input/output port, a battery, and/orone or more internal and/or external sensors. In such an instance, themonitoring device 1 may be contained within a housing, such as withinthe bounds of a bracelet, ring, keychain, or the like, as describedabove, which may be worn, such as by a child, adult, or other animal orobject 100 the tracking of which may be desired, such as by a parent1001 wanting to ensure the safety of the child 100. In particular, thedevice 1 may include a display mechanism and may be configured so as tofunction at least in part to display the identity of the user and/or acondition of the users health. As indicated, in various instances, thedevice 1 may contain a communications module that not only includes areceiver, such as a GPS receiver, such as for determining the locationof the device and/or or a person, animal, or object associated with thedevice, but also may include a transmitter, such as for transmittingsuch position and other data over a network 200 to a suitably networkedreceiving device 600, such as a third party tracking and/or monitoringdevice, such as a computer.

Consequently, the system 1000 may be configured to track and/or monitorthe user 100, such as a child, and/or the condition of the user and/orhis environment, and communicating that information to a second party1001, such as a parent of the child, or other third party 1002, such asa health care professional or government agency interested in monitoringand/or tracking the user. Hence, in such instances the monitoring device1 of system may include a transmitting device configured fortransmitting data about the user, his or her location, position,movement, and/or condition, and/or environment to a receiver, such as acomputing device 600 that is suitably configured for receiving atransmission, for instance, a signal, such as a digital signal, from thetransmitter of the monitoring device. Additionally, the system mayinclude a network 200, such as a cellular, WIFI, or other networkinterface that is configured for effectuating the transfer of data fromthe transmitter of the monitoring device 1 to the receiver of thecomputing device 600. In various instances the system may include a dataprocessing unit 300, for processing the data prior to or aftertransmission. Further, in some instances, the system may include aviewing system 700, such as a display screen, for instance, a liquidcrystal display (LCD), light emitting diode (LED) display, plasmadisplay, or the like.

Therefore, in action, the user 1001 of the identity, position, and/orhealth monitoring apparatus 1, whether it be a person such as an adultor child, or it be an animal, or an object, the tracking and/ormonitoring of which is desired, is coupled with the monitoring apparatus1. The monitoring apparatus 1 is synced over the network 200, e.g., viaWIFI, BlueTooth®, or a cellular connection, to the monitoring device600, which monitoring device may be a handheld electronic device, suchas a mobile smart phone of a monitoring agent 1001, such as the spouseof the using adult or parent of the using child and/or the owner of theanimal or object. Once synced the monitoring device 1 may play asubservient role to the monitoring device 600, which monitoring device600 may play a master role.

As such, the relationship between the master device 600 and thesubservient device 1 may be defined in many different ways. Forinstance, the master device 600 may set up a perimeter a given distance,e.g., X feet, away from the master device, such that if the servantdevice 1 approaches and/or exceeds that distance, an alarm can be set togo off warning the master device 600 that the servant device 1 isapproaching the perimeter and/or has breached the same. The alarm can bean auditory, a tactile, e.g., vibratory, and/or a visual alarm that mayincrease in intensity and/or frequency as the distance of the servantdevice 1 away from the master device 600 increases. In a manner such asthis a parent in control of the master device 600 may be warned when hisor her child moves a given distance away from the parent. In such aninstance, the master device 600 may be configured so as to periodicallyping the servant device 1 in such a manner that the master device iscapable of determining the distance between the two and/or whether thatdistance is increasing or decreasing and/or at what rate that increaseor decrease is occurring.

This configuration may be useful so as to preserve the battery life ofthe device 1 in that it may remain in a sleep or quiet mode while withinthe boundary set up by the master device 600, thus only having torespond to queries sent by the master device. As indicated,communication between the master and servant device takes place overnetwork 200, which network connection can be established directlybetween the devices, such as through a Infra-red or Bluetooth® or LEBluetooth® connection, or indirectly such as over a WIFI or cellularconnection.

In various instances, the system 1000 may include one or more relays500A, such as one or more satellites, such as a global positioningsatellite. For instance, in various implementations, once the perimeterhas been breached, several actions may then take place. For example, analarm cascade may be initiated at the subservient 1 and/or master device600, the servant device 1 may be switched from passive mode to activemode, and relay and/or beacon tracking, such as through a suitablyconfigured relay or beacon, such as a GPS satellite 500A may beinitiated. In such a manner as this the servant device 1, and theperson, object, or animal to which it is attached may be monitoredtracked and/or monitored. Additionally, dependent on the type, number,and placement of the various sensors that may be associated with thedevice 1, internally and/or externally, the distance, speed,acceleration, direction, altitude, and orientation of the device 1,and/or device wearer, may be determined, tracked, and/or monitored. Infurther embodiments, one or more external sensors, such as beacons 500B,may be set up throughout a given zone, such as within a localized area,such as a school, a library, a mall, a given geographical region, suchas a town, a city, and the like, which beacons 500B may be configured toconnect to the servant device 1 over the network 200 so that theposition and/or direction of travel of the device 1 may be determined,for example, in addition or substitution for said GPS tracking.

Any suitable device capable of sending out a signal to a secondary ortertiary device, receiving a signal back therefrom, and communicatingthat data, such as over network 200, to an additional device, e.g., amonitoring and/or tracking device, such as master device 600, may beused. More particularly, a beacon 500B may be a satellite, a cellulartower, a WIFI enabled device capable of sending out a request foridentification signal, or other device that has specifically beendesigned to perform the function of monitoring such subservient devices1 within a predefined region. For instance, such beacons 500B may bedistributed throughout a given location or geographical region, andtogether they may function to generate a perimeter, or layers ofperimeters, surrounding the designated location or geographical region.In such an instance, the beacons may be configured to electronicallycommunicate with one another, and/or may be configured for communicatingwith one or more subservient 1 and/or master 600 devices within theperimeter, and/or one or more master devices within or without of theregion, such as over network 200.

In various instances, the subservient device 1 and/or master monitoringdevice 600 may include a unique code, such as a radio frequencyidentification (RFID) code, identifying that device, such that any andall servant devices, master devices, relays, and/or beacons, and thelike may be distinguished from one another. For instance, thetransmitting signals can be coded in one or more ways so as to include aunique identifier of the signal generator. Such signals may includelocation information and may also include a unique identifier that canbe indexed to a known location, such as for enhanced monitoring,tracking, and/or data collection. For example, navigation satelliteinformation, e.g., such as from a relay 500, and/or location sensorinformation, such as from a beacon 500, may include radio frequency (RF)and/or microwave powered sensors, such as heat-based (thermistor orthermocouple power sensors) or diode detector sensors. RF and microwavepower sensors can allow RF triangulation with respect to known-locationtransmitters, such as cellular communication relay locations (e.g., celltowers), or other beacon functioning devices with known positions. Suchsignals, for example, may be based on the Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers' (IEEE) 802.11 standards (WIFI), IrDA (InfraredData Association), ZigBee® (communications based upon IEEE 802 standardfor personal area networks), Z-wave, wireless USB, or the like, and mayinclude an identifier such as a Media Access Control (MAC) and/orInternet Protocol (IP) address of the transmitting device, or othertypically unique digital or analog identifier.

Other exemplary RF and microwave signal sources that may be used as arelay and/or a beacon and/or employed by the system for determining alocation of the subservient device 1, such as for determining itslocation and/or proximity to said relay or beacon, or other knownidentifying feature or landmark, include RF signals, such as from radioand television stations, as well as wireless utility meters forelectricity, gas, or water, which can also be used. For example,subservient device 1 may receive signals from two or more transmittingdevices, where the signals include an identifier for the transmitter(e.g., Cellular Tower Identification Number, Media Access Control (MAC)address, and the like), from which an absolute location of thetransmitter can be determined, such as by lookup. Analysis of the two ormore signals can then be performed to calculate a location of thesubservient device 1, such as by a data processing unit 300, asdescribed below. Particularly, the subservient 1 and/or mastermonitoring device 600 may include or otherwise be coupled with aprocessing unit 200 that can be configured to coordinate thedetermination of the location of the device, such as using RFfingerprinting of one or more RF signal generators. The processing unit200 may also facilitate synchronization between the subservient device 1and the master monitoring device 600, as well as between subservientdevice 1 and a server or central hub 200.

Accordingly, in various embodiments, such RF signal analysis may be usedfor geolocation, and/or for determining the proximity of one or moresubservient devices 1 to one or more fixed position relays or beacons500, and/or determining the distance between other associated monitoringand/or tracking devices 1, 600. In various instances, suchdeterminations may include the measurement of the received signalstrength (or amplitude) of the radio signal. For instance, in someimplementations, proximity of a device 1 and/or 600 may be determined byreference to a relay or a beacon 500, such as another location device, amaster monitoring device 600 (such as mobile smartphone), or a fixedrelay receiver or transceiver or beacon 500.

For example, a Bluetooth® Smart signal from the identity, position,and/or health monitoring apparatus of the disclosure may be analyzed todetect an approximate distance and direction from a master monitoringdevice 600 and/or relay and/or beacon 500. In another instance,proximity may be obtained using Doppler principles. In such an instance,a transceiver attached to the monitoring apparatus 1 may send a radiosignal from the user to an object, such as a beacon, having a knownlocation. The radio signal is then reflected from the beacon back to thetransceiver. In various instances, the beacon, relay, or master device600 containing a transceiver may send out a radio signal to thesubservient device, and the location of the subservient device may bedetermined. In such instances, the returning RF waveforms may detected,e.g., by matched-filtering, and delay in the return of the RF waveformmay be measured so as to determine the distance from the object, andthereby determine its location, such as by triangulation. In a mannersuch as this several associated or different subservient devices may betracked and/or monitored at the same time and/or in the same location orgeographical region.

Accordingly, once synced within a given perimeter set up by one or morerelays, beacons, or other such devices of known location 500B, if thesubservient device 1 leaves the perimeter a warning cascade, asdescribed above may be initiated. In other instances, such relays and/orbeacon(s) may be configured such that if a servant 1 device enters aproximity of the beacon and syncs there with it, the device 1 isidentified, the direction, velocity, and/or other data, such as datarelated to travel, health or environmental, and other such data aboutthe device 1 and/or the subject or object coupled to the device 1, maybe determined, and/or communicating such as to a monitoring device 600.

Hence, in various instances, the system 1000 may include a dataprocessing unit, which data processing unit 300 may function to receivedata pertaining to one or more subservient devices 1, such as providedby one or more subservient devices 1 themselves, one or more relays orbeacons 500, one or more master devices 600, and the like; process andcompile that data; and then to transmit that transformed data to areceiving device, such as master device 600. In certain instances, thedata processing system may be adapted to process the location, physical,physiological, and/or environmental data, e.g., generated by one or moreof the subservient 1 and/or master devise 600, such as according to oneor more first set of characteristic and/or characteristic generationprograms, and determine a second set of compiled characteristics basedon the one or more characteristic generation programs, which set ofcharacteristics may represent one or more of a collection of processeddata such as related to location, geographical, physical, physiological,and/or environmental data.

In such a manner, a plurality of subservient devices 1 may be trackedand the identity, condition, and/or location and/or position of theservant devices 1 may be determined and/or monitored. In variousinstances, the receiving device may be a master controller deviceconfigured to control the functioning of one or more of the beacons,relays, subservient devices, and/or the sub-master devices. Accordingly,in certain instances, synchronization between one or more of the deviseof the system 1000 may be desired. In such an instance, synchronizationor association between the one or more devices of the system may includean exchange of electronic data. The exchange of electronic data maynotify one or more of the associated device (e.g., the master monitoringdevice 600 such as a smartphone) of a unique identifier, e.g. RFID, foreach of the other devices, or may provide a code shared in common by allof the associated devices. Such devices may use unique identifiers toindividually communicate with any or all of several associated devicesof the system, including various relays 500A, beacons 500B, and/or othersubservient 1 and/or monitoring devices 600, and may obtaindevice-distinguishable data from each associated device. In variousinstances, all of a group of devices may share a common code foridentification, such as all the subservient or master devise within agiven system, in such an instance, a master controlling device may treatthe group of devices sharing a common identifier as a single unit. Insuch implementations, a controlling device may learn of proximity orlocation from any one of the associated subservient devices. This may beuseful and efficient in instances where all of the associated devicesare typically considered together, such as when belonging to members ofthe same family that move together.

In various instances, a common code/password/key/token, etc. may be usedas a part of an encryption scheme, such as wireless access protocol(WAP), wired equivalent privacy (WEP), WIFI Protected Access (WPA),variants thereof, and/or other standard or proprietary securityprotocols permitting secured communications. Such security protocols mayimplement cryptography algorithms such as advanced encryption standard(AES), data encryption standard (DES), RSA, and the like. In addition,communications may implement compression algorithms and/or hashingfunctions in order to reduce the amount of data transferred and toensure data integrity. The encryption schemes may be implemented usingdedicated circuitry and/or general purpose processors, as describedherein, and may further utilize processors, magnetic and/or solid statememory devices, electronic fobs, electronic dongles, SIM cards and thelike, or any combination thereof.

As indicated above, in certain instances, the system may be configuredfor transmitting and/or displaying the various data collected,processed, and/or compiled, as discussed herein, using the techniquesdescribed herein. Particularly, the system disclosed herein may make useof one or more of a geolocation device, such as that described above, anetwork, a data processing unit, one or more external sensors, e.g., abeacon or relay, and/or a receiver, such as a computing device, e.g., amobile computing device, to collect and compute various data. In variousinstances, such data may be transmitted and/or displayed to a secondand/or third party, such as a second or third party interested inidentifying, monitoring, and/or tracking the user and/or the user'sactivities and/or health. For instance, it may be useful to display suchinformation to one or more users of the system, and hence in variousinstances, the system 1000 may include a display 700, such as a displayconfigurable for displaying a picture or other graphical representationof the set of data characteristics measured. For example, in someembodiments, the set of characteristics may be adapted to represent oneor more of the physical location, state, manner of movement, and/or aphysiological condition of one or more users 100 of one or moremonitoring devices 1. Such data may be stored, such as in a memory ofone of the monitoring and/or tracking devices, and/or may be transmittedto one or more other devices. If displayed, the data may be displayedusing any suitable device, such as a display of a desktop or mobilecomputing device, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a LightEmitting Diode (LED) or the like. The resulting displayed material maybe presented in a variety of ways including quantitatively,qualitatively, comparatively, in the form of a chart, in the form of atable, and/or in the form of a graph or other graphic.

In another aspect, a method for monitoring and/or tracking a person oran object is provided. The method may include one or more of providing ageolocating device, such as that set forth above, attaching thegeolocating device to a person or an object to be monitored and/ortracked, and employing a receiver to monitor and/or track the person orobject, such as over a network joining the two. More particularly, themethod may include providing the geolocating device and employing thesystem described above to monitor and/or track the person or object. Invarious instances, the system may include a relay, such as a beacon,that is configured to receive a signal from the geolocating device so asto thereby determine the location of the device, and furthertransferring that information, such as via the network, to the receiverso as to thereby allow a third party to monitor the position and otherdata collected by the device.

Yet another aspect of the instant technology is a method for determininga set of characteristics of a user of the identity, position, and/orhealth monitoring apparatus of the disclosure. The method includes stepsof: receiving directional, movement, and/or physical data associatedwith the user, the directional, movement, and/or physical data beingcollected by at least one sensor or other data collector associated withthe user and/or his or her environment; receiving the directional,movement, and physiological data associated with the user and/or hisactivity, the data being collected by at least one sensor or datacollector associated with the user and/or his or her environment;processing the data according to one or more characteristic generationprograms; and determining the set of characteristics based on the one ormore characteristic generation programs. In various instances, themethod may include transmitting the data over a communications networkto one or more devices associated with the network. In certainembodiments, the method further includes transmitting the set ofcharacteristics to a data processing system over a wirelesscommunication network.

Some or all of the steps and operations associated with the techniquesor methods introduced here may be performed by hardware components ormay be embodied in non-transitory machine-executable instructions thatcause one or more general purpose or special purpose computer processorsprogrammed with the instructions to perform the steps. Themachine-executable instructions may be stored on a computer-readable ormachine-readable medium. The steps may be performed by a combination ofhardware, software, and/or firmware. In some cases themachine-executable instructions may be downloaded from a server, from awebsite, and/or from an application store or an app store. For instance,the device, e.g., bracelet, firmware may be upgradeable, such as using aBLE connection to a computer, smartphone, or other network enableddevice. In such an instance, the computer, smart phone, bracelet, orother network enabled device may communicate through a suitablyconfigured app, such as a smart phone app for directing the operationsof the bracelet.

While this disclosure contains many specifics, these should not beconstrued as limitations on the scope of an invention that is claimed orof what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specificto particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in thisspecification in the context of separate embodiments can also beimplemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, variousfeatures that are described in the context of a single embodiment canalso be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in anysuitable sub-combination. Moreover, although features may be describedabove as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed assuch, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some casesbe excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may bedirected to a sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination.Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particularorder, this should not be understood as requiring that such operationsbe performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, orthat all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirableresults.

Although embodiments of various methods, apparatuses, devices, andsystems are described herein in detail with reference to certainversions, it should be appreciated that other versions, methods of use,embodiments, and combinations thereof are also possible. Therefore thespirit and scope of the appended claims should not be limited to thedescription of the embodiments contained herein.

The phrases “in some embodiments,” “according to some embodiments,” “inthe embodiments shown,” “in other embodiments,” “in some examples,” “insome cases,” “in some situations,” “in some configurations,” “in anotherconfiguration,” and the like, generally mean that the particularfeature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase is includedin at least one embodiment of the present invention and/or may beincluded in more than one embodiment of the present embodiments. Inaddition, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodimentsor different embodiments.

The term “about” is used herein to refer to +/−10% of a givenmeasurement, range, or dimension unless otherwise indicated.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A geolocation device adapted forlow-profile wearing about a limb of a human, for locating the humanwithin a geographical region, the geolocation device comprising: ahousing that is sized and adapted for being worn about the limb of thehuman, the housing having a circumferential portion that bounds a firstsurface and a second surface spaced apart from the first surface to forma waterproof cavity bounded by the circumferential portion, the firstsurface being dimensioned so as to have a low profile when worn aboutthe limb of the human; an elongated substrate that is sized and adaptedfor being positioned in the cavity of the housing, the elongatedsubstrate forming a digital logic circuit board arrangement thatcomprises at least one rigid circuit board portion; and a digital logiccircuit connected with the digital logic circuit board arrangement, thedigital logic circuit comprising a battery module, a memory, a centralprocessing unit (CPU), a SIM card, a geolocation receiver comprising aGPS, and a communications module receiver, each of the CPU, thegeolocation receiver, and the communications module being mounted to atleast one rigid circuit board portion, the communications modulecomprising a radio frequency (RF) transmitter, a cellular transmitter, aWIFI transmitter, and a Bluetooth transmitter, the CPU being configuredto receive geolocation data from the geolocation receiver and, based onthe geolocation data relative to the geographic region, to select one ofthe RF transmitter, cellular transmitter, WIFI transmitter, andBluetooth transmitter to transmit a signal.
 2. The geolocation deviceaccording to claim 1, wherein the battery module comprises a batteryconfigured for being wirelessly charged.
 3. The geolocation deviceaccording to claim 1, further comprising one or more sensors.
 4. Thegeolocation device according to claim 3, wherein the one or more sensorscomprises at least one of a motion sensor, an orientation sensor, adistance measuring sensor, a pedometer, a velocity sensor, anaccelerometer, a multi-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope, a strain gauge,a piezoelectric sensor, an optical sensor, and an energy sensor.
 5. Awearable thin profile geolocation device for locating a human within ageographical region, the geolocation device comprising: a substratehaving an elongated body defined by a circumferential portion, thecircumferential portion bounding a first surface and a second surface ofthe elongated body, the first surface being opposite of and separatedfrom the second surface and forming a cavity therewith, the elongatedbody being sized and configured to be worn around a limb of a human; anda digital logic circuit board arrangement contained within the cavity ofthe elongated body of the substrate and being positioned between thefirst and second surfaces of the elongated body of the substrate, thedigital logic circuit board arrangement including a central processingunit (CPU), a communications module comprising a GPS receiver, a memory,and a battery, the CPU being operably connected to both the memory andthe battery, the semi-flexible digital logic circuit board arrangementfurther including a pairing device for pairing the geolocation devicewith a remote master device via a wireless communication channel, thepairing being defined by a distance between the geolocation device andthe master device such that if the distance between the geolocationdevice and the master device exceeds a predetermined range, an alarm isset off in one or more of the geolocation device and the master device.6. The geolocation device according to claim 5, further comprising oneor more sensors.
 7. The geolocation device according to claim 6, whereinthe one or more sensors comprises at least one of a motion sensor, anorientation sensor, a distance measuring sensor, a pedometer, a velocitysensor, an accelerometer, a multi-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope, astrain gauge, a piezoelectric sensor, an optical sensor, and an energysensor.
 8. The geolocation device according to claim 6, wherein the oneor more sensors comprises at least one physiological data collector. 9.The geolocation device according to claim 8, wherein the at least onephysiological data collector comprises a heart rate monitor, pulsemeter, a blood pressure monitor, a blood glucose monitor, a myoelectricsensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a pulse oximeter, an oxygen saturationmonitor, a hemoglobin sensor, an electrocardiogram monitor, anelectroencephalography monitor, and a pressure monitor.
 10. Ageolocation device adapted for low-profile wearing about a human, forlocating the human within a geographical region, the geolocation devicecomprising: a housing that is sized and adapted for being worn about thelimb of the human, the housing having a circumferential portion thatbounds a first surface and a second surface spaced apart from the firstsurface to form a cavity bounded by the circumferential portion, thefirst surface and the second surface, the elastomeric housing having athickness so as to have a low profile when worn about the limb of thehuman; an elongated substrate that is sized and adapted for beingpositioned in the cavity of the housing, the elongated substrate formingone or more of a rigid, semi-rigid, and a semi-flexible digital logiccircuit board arrangement; a digital logic circuit connected with thedigital logic circuit board arrangement, the digital logic circuitcomprising a battery, a memory, a central processing unit (CPU), a SIMcard, a geolocation receiver, and a communications module, at least eachof the CPU, the geolocation receiver, and the communications modulebeing mounted to at least one portion of the circuit board arrangement,the communications module comprising one or more of a radio frequency(RF) transmitter, a cellular transmitter, a WIFI transmitter, aBluetooth transmitter, and a low energy Bluetooth transmitter, the CPUbeing configured to receive geolocation data from the geolocationreceiver and to select one or more of a RF transmitter, cellulartransmitter, WIFI transmitter, Bluetooth transmitter, and a low energyBluetooth transmitter to transmit a signal.
 11. The geolocation deviceaccording to claim 10, wherein the elastomeric housing is formed as abracelet.
 12. The geolocation device according to claim 10, wherein theelastomeric housing is formed as a piece of jewelry.
 13. The geolocationdevice according to claim 10, wherein the battery module comprises abattery configured for being wirelessly charged.
 14. The geolocationdevice according to claim 10, further comprising one or more sensors.15. The geolocation device according to claim 10, wherein the one ormore sensors comprises at least one of a motion sensor, an orientationsensor, a distance measuring sensor, a pedometer, a velocity sensor, anaccelerometer, a multi-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope, a strain gauge,a piezoelectric sensor, an optical sensor, and an energy sensor.
 16. Awearable thin profile geolocation device for locating a human within ageographical region, the geolocation device comprising: a substratehaving an elongated body defined by a circumferential portion, thecircumferential portion bounding a first surface and a second surface ofthe elongated body, the first surface being opposite of and separatedfrom the second surface and forming a cavity therewith, the elongatedbody being sized and configured to be worn around a limb of a human; anda digital logic circuit board arrangement contained within the cavity ofthe elongated body of the substrate and being positioned between thefirst and second surfaces of the elongated body of the substrate, thedigital logic circuit board arrangement including a central processingunit (CPU), a communications module comprising a geolocation receiver, amemory, and a battery, the CPU being operably connected to both thememory and the battery, the digital logic circuit board arrangementfurther including a pairing device for pairing the geolocation devicewith a remote master device via a wireless communication channel, thepairing being defined by a distance between the geolocation device andthe master device such that if the distance between the geolocationdevice and the master device exceeds a predetermined range, an alarm isset off in one or more of the geolocation device and the master device.17. The geolocation device according to claim 16, wherein the housing isformed as a bracelet.
 18. The geolocation device according to claim 16,wherein the battery module comprises a battery configured for beingwirelessly charged.
 19. The geolocation device according to claim 16,further comprising one or more sensors.
 20. The geolocation deviceaccording to claim 19, wherein the one or more sensors comprises atleast one of a motion sensor, an orientation sensor, a distancemeasuring sensor, a pedometer, a velocity sensor, an accelerometer, amulti-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope, a strain gauge, a piezoelectricsensor, an optical sensor, and an energy sensor.